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While traditional Deep Learning (DL) optimization methods treat all training samples equally, Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) adaptively assigns importance weights to different samples. However, a significant gap exists between…

Overparameterized neural networks can be highly accurate on average on an i.i.d. test set yet consistently fail on atypical groups of the data (e.g., by learning spurious correlations that hold on average but not in such groups).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Shiori Sagawa , Pang Wei Koh , Tatsunori B. Hashimoto , Percy Liang

This paper aims to develop distributed algorithms for nonconvex optimization problems with complicated constraints associated with a network. The network can be a physical one, such as an electric power network, where the constraints are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-21 Kaizhao Sun , X. Andy Sun

It is essential to capture the true probability distribution of uncertain data in the distributionally robust optimization (DRO). The uncertain data presents multimodality in numerous application scenarios, in the sense that the probability…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-14 Yueyao Li , Chenglong Bao , Wenxun Xing

We propose a mathematically principled PDE gradient flow framework for distributionally robust optimization (DRO). Exploiting the recent advances in the intersection of Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling and gradient flow theory, we show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Zusen Xu , Jia-Jie Zhu

Adaptive robust optimization (ARO) is a well-known technique to deal with the parameter uncertainty in optimization problems. While the ARO framework can actually be borrowed to solve some special problems without uncertain parameters, such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-22 Xin Chen , Na Li

One key challenge for multi-task Reinforcement learning (RL) in practice is the absence of task indicators. Robust RL has been applied to deal with task ambiguity, but may result in over-conservative policies. To balance the worst-case…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Mengdi Xu , Peide Huang , Yaru Niu , Visak Kumar , Jielin Qiu , Chao Fang , Kuan-Hui Lee , Xuewei Qi , Henry Lam , Bo Li , Ding Zhao

Machine learning models (e.g., speech recognizers) are usually trained to minimize average loss, which results in representation disparity---minority groups (e.g., non-native speakers) contribute less to the training objective and thus tend…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-01 Tatsunori B. Hashimoto , Megha Srivastava , Hongseok Namkoong , Percy Liang

To train machine learning models that are robust to distribution shifts in the data, distributionally robust optimization (DRO) has been proven very effective. However, the existing approaches to learning a distributionally robust model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Farzin Haddadpour , Mohammad Mahdi Kamani , Mehrdad Mahdavi , Amin Karbasi

Gaussian Graphical Models (GGMs) are widely used to infer conditional dependence structures in high-dimensional data. However, standard precision matrix estimators are highly sensitive to data contamination, such as extreme outliers and…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-25 Canruo Shen , Xintong Ji , Qiong Li , Wenzhi Yang , Xiaoping Shi

We propose kernel distributionally robust optimization (Kernel DRO) using insights from the robust optimization theory and functional analysis. Our method uses reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS) to construct a wide range of convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-28 Jia-Jie Zhu , Wittawat Jitkrittum , Moritz Diehl , Bernhard Schölkopf

In this paper, we study the two-stage distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problem from the primal perspective. Unlike existing approaches, this perspective allows us to build a deeper and more intuitive understanding on DRO, to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-31 Zhengsong Lu , Bo Zeng

We propose a new stochastic optimization framework for empirical risk minimization problems such as those that arise in machine learning. The traditional approaches, such as (mini-batch) stochastic gradient descent (SGD), utilize an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-04 Kenji Kawaguchi , Haihao Lu

Machine learning algorithms minimizing average risk are susceptible to distributional shifts. Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) addresses this issue by optimizing the worst-case risk within an uncertainty set. However, DRO suffers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Jiashuo Liu , Jiayun Wu , Tianyu Wang , Hao Zou , Bo Li , Peng Cui

Motivated by applications arising from sensor networks and machine learning, we consider the problem of minimizing a finite sum of nondifferentiable convex functions where each component function is associated with an agent and a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Harshal D. Kaushik , Farzad Yousefian

We consider the problem of distributionally robust multimodal machine learning. Existing approaches often rely on merging modalities on the feature level (early fusion) or heuristic uncertainty modeling, which downplays modality-aware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Peilin Yang , Yu Ma

Complex computer simulators are increasingly used across fields of science as generative models tying parameters of an underlying theory to experimental observations. Inference in this setup is often difficult, as simulators rarely admit a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-17 Gilles Louppe , Joeri Hermans , Kyle Cranmer

We consider optimal transport based distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problems with locally strongly convex transport cost functions and affine decision rules. Under conventional convexity assumptions on the underlying loss…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Jose Blanchet , Karthyek Murthy , Fan Zhang

In recent years, multicalibration has emerged as a desirable learning objective for ensuring that a predictor is calibrated across a rich collection of overlapping subpopulations. Existing approaches typically achieve multicalibration by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Hongyi Henry Jin , Zijun Ding , Dung Daniel Ngo , Zhiwei Steven Wu

This paper studies Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO), a fundamental framework for enhancing the robustness and generalization of statistical learning and optimization. An effective ambiguity set for DRO must involve distributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jiaqi Wen , Jianyi Yang