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Despite the many advances of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their unprecedented rapid evolution, their impact and integration into every facet of our daily lives is limited due to various reasons. One critical factor hindering their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yakir Yehuda , Itzik Malkiel , Oren Barkan , Jonathan Weill , Royi Ronen , Noam Koenigstein

Large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucinations, i.e., statements unsupported by the input or training data, hindering reliable deployment. In parallel, numerous uncertainty estimation (UE) methods have been proposed to quantify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yedidia Agnimo , Anna Korba , Annabelle Blangero , Nicolas Chesneau , Karteek Alahari

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has transformed the landscape of natural language processing, enabling breakthroughs across a wide range of areas including question answering, machine translation, and text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Sungmin Kang , Yavuz Faruk Bakman , Duygu Nur Yaldiz , Baturalp Buyukates , Salman Avestimehr

Large language models(LLMs) excel at text generation and knowledge question-answering tasks, but they are prone to generating hallucinated content, severely limiting their application in high-risk domains. Current hallucination detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Shize Liang , Hongzhi Wang

Concerns regarding the propensity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce inaccurate outputs, also known as hallucinations, have escalated. Detecting them is vital for ensuring the reliability of applications relying on LLM-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Ernesto Quevedo , Jorge Yero , Rachel Koerner , Pablo Rivas , Tomas Cerny

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently achieved remarkable success. However, LVLMs are still plagued by the hallucination problem, which limits the practicality in many scenarios. Hallucination refers to the information of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Junyang Wang , Yiyang Zhou , Guohai Xu , Pengcheng Shi , Chenlin Zhao , Haiyang Xu , Qinghao Ye , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Jihua Zhu , Jitao Sang , Haoyu Tang

Large language models (LLMs), including ChatGPT, Bard, and Llama, have achieved remarkable successes over the last two years in a range of different applications. In spite of these successes, there exist concerns that limit the wide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Junliang Luo , Tianyu Li , Di Wu , Michael Jenkin , Steve Liu , Gregory Dudek

We study the performance of a commercially available large language model (LLM) known as ChatGPT on math word problems (MWPs) from the dataset DRAW-1K. To our knowledge, this is the first independent evaluation of ChatGPT. We found that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Paulo Shakarian , Abhinav Koyyalamudi , Noel Ngu , Lakshmivihari Mareedu

Large language models (LLMs) are notorious for hallucinating, i.e., producing erroneous claims in their output. Such hallucinations can be dangerous, as occasional factual inaccuracies in the generated text might be obscured by the rest of…

In the age of misinformation, hallucination - the tendency of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate non-factual or unfaithful responses - represents the main risk for their global utility. Despite LLMs becoming increasingly multilingual,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Saad Obaid ul Islam , Anne Lauscher , Goran Glavaš

Is automated hallucination detection possible? In this work, we introduce a theoretical framework to analyze the feasibility of automatically detecting hallucinations produced by large language models (LLMs). Inspired by the classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Amin Karbasi , Omar Montasser , John Sous , Grigoris Velegkas

Hallucinations, defined as instances where Large Language Models (LLMs) generate false or misleading content, pose a significant challenge that impacts the safety and trust of downstream applications. We introduce UQLM, a Python package for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Dylan Bouchard , Mohit Singh Chauhan , David Skarbrevik , Ho-Kyeong Ra , Viren Bajaj , Zeya Ahmad

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized NLP by solving downstream tasks with little to no labeled data. Despite their versatile abilities, the larger question of their ability to reason remains ill-understood. This paper addresses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Vedant Gaur , Nikunj Saunshi

Hallucination, or the generation of incorrect or fabricated information, remains a critical challenge in large language models (LLMs), particularly in high-stake domains such as legal question answering (QA). In order to mitigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Yinghao Hu , Leilei Gan , Wenyi Xiao , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing with their impressive reasoning and question-answering capabilities. However, these models are sometimes prone to generating credible-sounding but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ranganath Krishnan , Piyush Khanna , Omesh Tickoo

While Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, they suffer from hallucination problems, where models generate plausible yet incorrect answers given the input image-query pair.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Xiaoye Qu , Mingyang Song , Wei Wei , Jianfeng Dong , Yu Cheng

Hallucinations are a persistent problem with Large Language Models (LLMs). As these models become increasingly used in high-stakes domains, such as healthcare and finance, the need for effective hallucination detection is crucial. To this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Dylan Bouchard , Mohit Singh Chauhan

This survey presents a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of hallucination in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), also known as Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), which have demonstrated significant advancements and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zechen Bai , Pichao Wang , Tianjun Xiao , Tong He , Zongbo Han , Zheng Zhang , Mike Zheng Shou

Hallucinations pose a significant obstacle to the reliability and widespread adoption of language models, yet their accurate measurement remains a persistent challenge. While many task- and domain-specific metrics have been proposed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Atharva Kulkarni , Yuan Zhang , Joel Ruben Antony Moniz , Xiou Ge , Bo-Hsiang Tseng , Dhivya Piraviperumal , Swabha Swayamdipta , Hong Yu

The hallucination issue is recognized as a fundamental deficiency of large language models (LLMs), especially when applied to fields such as finance, education, and law. Despite the growing concerns, there has been a lack of empirical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Haoqiang Kang , Xiao-Yang Liu