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Visual Question Answering (VQA) in its ideal form lets us study reasoning in the joint space of vision and language and serves as a proxy for the AI task of scene understanding. However, most VQA benchmarks to date are focused on questions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Kenneth Marino , Mohammad Rastegari , Ali Farhadi , Roozbeh Mottaghi

Reasoning is a critical ability towards complete visual understanding. To develop machine with cognition-level visual understanding and reasoning abilities, the visual commonsense reasoning (VCR) task has been introduced. In VCR, given a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Dandan Song , Siyi Ma , Zhanchen Sun , Sicheng Yang , Lejian Liao

Robot planning in partially observable environments, where not all objects are known or visible, is a challenging problem, as it requires reasoning under uncertainty through partially observable Markov decision processes. During the…

Compositional visual reasoning has emerged as a key research frontier in multimodal AI, aiming to endow machines with the human-like ability to decompose visual scenes, ground intermediate concepts, and perform multi-step logical inference.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Fucai Ke , Joy Hsu , Zhixi Cai , Zixian Ma , Xin Zheng , Xindi Wu , Sukai Huang , Weiqing Wang , Pari Delir Haghighi , Gholamreza Haffari , Ranjay Krishna , Jiajun Wu , Hamid Rezatofighi

Recent years have witnessed a significant increase in the performance of Vision and Language tasks. Foundational Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have been leveraged in multiple settings and demonstrated remarkable performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Santiago Castro , Amir Ziai , Avneesh Saluja , Zhuoning Yuan , Rada Mihalcea

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly capable of orchestrating complex tasks in low-code environments. However, these agents often exhibit hallucinations and logical inconsistencies because their inherent reasoning mechanisms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Jiexi Xu , Jiaqi Liu , Lanruo Wang , Su Liu

Interleaved-Modal Chain-of-Thought (I-MCoT) advances vision-language reasoning, such as Visual Question Answering (VQA). This paradigm integrates specially selected visual evidence from the input image into the context of Vision-Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiping Li , Jianghong Ma

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated enhanced reasoning capabilities, evolving from Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting to advanced, product-oriented solutions like OpenAI o1. During our re-implementation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Hai-Long Sun , Zhun Sun , Houwen Peng , Han-Jia Ye

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities by integrating pre-trained vision encoders with large language models (LLMs). Similar to single-modal LLMs, chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting has been adapted for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shin'ya Yamaguchi , Kosuke Nishida , Daiki Chijiwa

Providing explanations in the context of Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a fundamental problem in machine learning. To obtain detailed insights into the process of generating natural language explanations for VQA, we introduce the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Leonard Salewski , A. Sophia Koepke , Hendrik P. A. Lensch , Zeynep Akata

Vision-language models (VLMs) are widely assumed to exhibit in-context learning (ICL), a property similar to that of their language-only counterparts. While recent work suggests VLMs can perform multimodal ICL (MM-ICL), studies show they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chengyue Huang , Yuchen Zhu , Sichen Zhu , Jingyun Xiao , Moises Andrade , Shivang Chopra , Zsolt Kira

In our work, we explore the synergistic capabilities of pre-trained vision-and-language models (VLMs) and large language models (LLMs) on visual commonsense reasoning (VCR) problems. We find that VLMs and LLMs-based decision pipelines are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Kaiwen Zhou , Kwonjoon Lee , Teruhisa Misu , Xin Eric Wang

'Actions' play a vital role in how humans interact with the world. Thus, autonomous agents that would assist us in everyday tasks also require the capability to perform 'Reasoning about Actions & Change' (RAC). This has been an important…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Shailaja Keyur Sampat , Pratyay Banerjee , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

We present a neuro-symbolic visual question answering (VQA) pipeline for CLEVR, which is a well-known dataset that consists of pictures showing scenes with objects and questions related to them. Our pipeline covers (i) training neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Thomas Eiter , Nelson Higuera , Johannes Oetsch , Michael Pritz

Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various VQA tasks. However, they often lack interpretability and struggle with complex visual inputs, especially when the resolution of the input image is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Hao Shao , Shengju Qian , Han Xiao , Guanglu Song , Zhuofan Zong , Letian Wang , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

CoT has significantly enhanced the reasoning ability of LLMs while it faces challenges when extended to multimodal domains, particularly in mathematical tasks. Existing MLLMs typically perform textual reasoning solely from a single static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Lihong Wang , Liangqi Li , Weiwei Feng , Jiamin Wu , Changtao Miao , Tieru Wu , Rui Ma , Bo Zhang , Zhe Li

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable progress in visual understanding in recent years. Yet, they still lag behind human capabilities in specific visual tasks such as counting or relational reasoning. To understand the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zihan Weng , Lucas Gomez , Taylor Whittington Webb , Pouya Bashivan

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive results on standard image-text tasks, yet their potential for visual procedure question answering (VP-QA) remains largely unexplored. VP-QA presents unique challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Guanhua Chen , Yutong Yao , Shenghe Sun , Ci-Jun Gao , Shudong Liu , Lidia S. Chao , Feng Wan , Derek F. Wong

Interleaved reasoning paradigms enhance Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with visual feedback but are hindered by the prohibitive computational cost of re-encoding pixel-dense images. A promising alternative, latent visual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Shuai Dong , Siyuan Wang , Xingyu Liu , Chenglin Li , Haowen Hou , Zhongyu Wei

Vision language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in broad visual understanding, yet they remain challenged by object-centric reasoning on rare objects due to the scarcity of such instances in pretraining data. While prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Xin Hu , Haomiao Ni , Yunbei Zhang , Jihun Hamm , Zechen Li , Zhengming Ding