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The non-linearity of a conditional photon-counting measurement can be used to `de-Gaussify' a Gaussian state of light. Here we present and experimentally demonstrate a technique for photon number resolution using only homodyne detection. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-08 H. M. Chrzanowski , J. Bernu , B. M. Sparkes , B. Hage , A. P. Lund , T. C. Ralph , P. K. Lam , T. Symul

We develop an alternative boson sampling model operating on single-photon states followed by linear interferometry and Gaussian measurements. The hardness proof for simulating such continuous-variable measurements is established in two main…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-19 Levon Chakhmakhchyan , Nicolas J. Cerf

The search for new, application-specific quantum computers designed to outperform any classical computer is driven by the ending of Moore's law and the quantum advantages potentially obtainable. Photonic networks are promising examples,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-10 Bogdan Opanchuk , Laura Rosales-Zarate , Margaret D Reid , Peter D Drummond

Multi-particle interference is a key resource for quantum information processing, as exemplified by Boson Sampling. Hence, given its fragile nature, an essential desideratum is a solid and reliable framework for its validation. However,…

It has been proven that Boson sampling is a much promising model of optical quantum computation, which has been applied to designing quantum computer successfully, such as "Jiuzhang". However, the meaningful randomness of Boson sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Jinjing Shi , Tongge Zhao , Yizhi Wang , Chunlin Yu , Yuhu Lu , Ronghua Shi , Shichao Zhang , Junjie Wu

The implementation of cyber-physical systems in real-world applications is challenged by safety requirements in the presence of sensor threats. Most cyber-physical systems, especially multi-sensor systems, struggle to detect sensor attacks…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Xingzhou Chen , Nachuan Yang , Peihu Duan , Shilei Li , Ling Shi

Quantum computation, aiming at tackling hard problems beyond classical approaches, has been flourishing with each passing day. Unfortunately, a fully scalable and fault-tolerant universal quantum computer remains challenging based on the…

Quantum generative modeling has emerged as a promising application of quantum computers, aiming to model complex probability distributions beyond the reach of classical methods. In practice, however, training such models often requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Zoltán Kolarovszki , Bence Bakó , Michał Oszmaniec , Changhun Oh , Zoltán Zimborás

We show that a distribution related to Gaussian Boson Sampling (GBS) on graphs can be sampled classically in polynomial time. Graphical applications of GBS typically sample from this distribution, and thus quantum algorithms do not provide…

We study what is arguably the most experimentally appealing Boson Sampling architecture: Gaussian states sampled with threshold detectors. We show that in this setting, the probability of observing a given outcome is related to a matrix…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 Nicolás Quesada , Juan Miguel Arrazola , Nathan Killoran

The continuing improvement in the qualities of photon-number-resolving detectors opens new possibilities for measuring quantum states of light. In this work we consider the question of what properties of an arbitrary multimode Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 Arik Avagyan , Emanuel Knill , Scott Glancy

Quantum computing experiments are moving into a new realm of increasing size and complexity, with the short-term goal of demonstrating an advantage over classical computers. Boson sampling is a promising platform for such a goal, however,…

The boson sampler proposed by Aaronson and Arkhipov is a non-universal quantum computer, which can serve as evidence against the extended Church-Turing thesis. It samples the probability distribution at the output of linear unitary optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-03 Valery Shchesnovich

When the problem of boson sampling was first proposed, it was assumed that little or no photon collisions occur. However, modern experimental realizations rely on setups where collisions are quite common, i.e. the number of photons $M$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-08 M. Umanskii , A. N. Rubtsov

Proofs of the quantum advantage available in imaging or detecting objects under quantum illumination can rely on optimal measurements without specifying what they are. We use the continuous-variable Gaussian quantum information formalism to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Hao Yang , Wojciech Roga , Jonathan D. Pritchard , John Jeffers

BosonSampling is the leading candidate for demonstrating quantum computational advantage in photonic systems. While we have recently seen many impressive experimental demonstrations, there is still a formidable distance between the…

Efficiently certifying non-Gaussian entanglement in continuous-variable quantum systems is a central challenge for advancing quantum information processing, photonic quantum computing, and metrology. Here, we put forward continuous-variable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 Serge Deside , Tobias Haas , Nicolas J. Cerf

Boson sampling is a fundamentally and practically important task that can be used to demonstrate quantum supremacy using noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. In this work, we present classical sampling algorithms for single-photon and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-16 Changhun Oh , Youngrong Lim , Bill Fefferman , Liang Jiang

Analyzing the properties of complex quantum systems is crucial for further development of quantum devices, yet this task is typically challenging and demanding with respect to required amount of measurements. A special attention to this…

We demonstrate how boson sampling with photons of partial distinguishability can be expressed in terms of interference of fewer photons. We use this observation to propose a classical algorithm to simulate the output of a boson sampler fed…

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