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This paper investigates the detection of misinformation, which deceives readers by explicitly fabricating misleading content or implicitly omitting important information necessary for informed judgment. While the former has been extensively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhengjia Wang , Danding Wang , Qiang Sheng , Jiaying Wu , Juan Cao

Large language models often suffer from language confusion, a phenomenon in which responses are partially or entirely generated in unintended languages. This critically degrades the user experience, especially in low-resource settings. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Nahyun Lee , Yeongseo Woo , Hyunwoo Ko , Guijin Son

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are predominantly trained and tested on consistent visual-textual inputs, leaving open the question of whether they can handle inconsistencies in real-world, layout-rich content. To bridge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Qianqi Yan , Yue Fan , Hongquan Li , Shan Jiang , Yang Zhao , Xinze Guan , Ching-Chen Kuo , Xin Eric Wang

In this work, we address the real-world, challenging task of out-of-context misinformation detection, where a real image is paired with an incorrect caption for creating fake news. Existing approaches for this task assume the availability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Devank , Jayateja Kalla , Soma Biswas

Climate disinformation has become a major challenge in today digital world, especially with the rise of misleading images and videos shared widely on social media. These false claims are often convincing and difficult to detect, which can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Marzieh Adeli Shamsabad , Hamed Ghodrati

With the rise of easily accessible tools for generating and manipulating multimedia content, realistic synthetic alterations to digital media have become a widespread threat, often involving manipulations across multiple modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Daniele Cardullo , Simone Teglia , Irene Amerini

This article introduces misinfo-general, a benchmark dataset for evaluating misinformation models' ability to perform out-of-distribution generalization. Misinformation changes rapidly, much more quickly than moderators can annotate at…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ivo Verhoeven , Pushkar Mishra , Ekaterina Shutova

Misleading visualizations pose a significant challenge to accurate data interpretation. While recent research has explored the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for detecting such misinformation, practical tools that also support…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Amit Kumar Das , Klaus Mueller

Advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) have revolutionized the way researchers and practitioners address crucial societal problems. Large language models are now the standard to develop state-of-the-art solutions for text detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Gaurav Verma , Rohit Mujumdar , Zijie J. Wang , Munmun De Choudhury , Srijan Kumar

As social media platforms are evolving from text-based forums into multi-modal environments, the nature of misinformation in social media is also transforming accordingly. Taking advantage of the fact that visual modalities such as images…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Sara Abdali , Sina shaham , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

AI-generated content (AIGC) technology has emerged as a prevalent alternative to create multimodal misinformation on social media platforms, posing unprecedented threats to societal safety. However, standard prompting leverages multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Junjie Wu , Yumeng Fu , Chen Gong , Guohong Fu

Detecting out-of-context media, such as "mis-captioned" images on Twitter, is a relevant problem, especially in domains of high public significance. In this work we aim to develop defenses against such misinformation for the topics of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Giscard Biamby , Grace Luo , Trevor Darrell , Anna Rohrbach

Nowadays, misinformation articles, especially multimodal ones, are widely spread on social media platforms and cause serious negative effects. To control their propagation, Multimodal Misinformation Detection (MMD) becomes an active topic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Bing Wang , Ximing Li , Mengzhe Ye , Changchun Li , Bo Fu , Jianfeng Qu , Lin Yuanbo Wu

Current multimodal misinformation detection (MMD) methods often assume a single source and type of forgery for each sample, which is insufficient for real-world scenarios where multiple forgery sources coexist. The lack of a benchmark for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Xuannan Liu , Zekun Li , Peipei Li , Huaibo Huang , Shuhan Xia , Xing Cui , Linzhi Huang , Weihong Deng , Zhaofeng He

This paper introduces SA-OOSC, a multimodal large language models (MLLM)-distilled semantic communication framework that achieves efficient semantic coding with scenario-aware importance allocations. This approach addresses a critical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Feifan Zhang , Yuyang Du , Yifan Xiang , Xiaoyan Liu , Soung Chang Liew

The misuse of real photographs with conflicting image captions in news items is an example of the out-of-context (OOC) misuse of media. In order to detect OOC media, individuals must determine the accuracy of the statement and evaluate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Guangyang Wu , Weijie Wu , Xiaohong Liu , Kele Xu , Tianjiao Wan , Wenyi Wang

With the increasing influence of social media, online misinformation has grown to become a societal issue. The motivation for our work comes from the threat caused by cheapfakes, where an unaltered image is described using a news caption in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Anurag Singh , Shivangi Aneja

The increasing realism of AI-generated images has raised serious concerns about misinformation and privacy violations, highlighting the urgent need for accurate and interpretable detection methods. While existing approaches have made…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Tai-Ming Huang , Wei-Tung Lin , Kai-Lung Hua , Wen-Huang Cheng , Junichi Yamagishi , Jun-Cheng Chen

Recent advances in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have unveiled great potential as visual assistants. However, most existing works focus on responding to individual instructions or using previous dialogues for contextual understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Bo Li , Yuanhan Zhang , Liangyu Chen , Jinghao Wang , Fanyi Pu , Joshua Adrian Cahyono , Jingkang Yang , Ziwei Liu

In today's global digital landscape, misinformation transcends linguistic boundaries, posing a significant challenge for moderation systems. Most approaches to misinformation detection are monolingual, focused on high-resource languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Xinyu Wang , Wenbo Zhang , Sarah Rajtmajer