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Measurement outcomes of a quantum state can be genuinely random (unpredictable) according to the basic laws of quantum mechanics. The Heisenberg-Robertson uncertainty relation puts constrains on the accuracy of two noncommuting observables.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Xiao Yuan , Ge Bai , Tianyi Peng , Xiongfeng Ma

The spread of the wave-function, or quantum uncertainty, is a key notion in quantum mechanics. At leading order, it is characterized by the quadratic moments of the position and momentum operators. These evolve and fluctuate independently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 Etera R. Livine

Given two or more non-commuting observables, it is generally not possible to simultaneously assign precise values to each. This quantum mechanical uncertainty principle is widely understood to be encapsulated by some form of uncertainty…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Paul Busch , Oliver Reardon-Smith

Historically, the element of uncertainty in quantum mechanics has been expressed through mathematical identities called uncertainty relations, a great many of which continue to be discovered. These relations use diverse measures to quantify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-16 Varun Narasimhachar , Alireza Poostindouz , Gilad Gour

Quantum metrology concerns improving the estimation of an unknown parameter using an optimal measurement scheme on the quantum system. More the optimality of the measurement, the better will be the improvement in sensing the value of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 H. S. Karthik

The existence of incompatible measurements, epitomized by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, is one of the distinctive features of quantum theory. So far, quantum incompatibility has been studied for measurements that test the preparation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-16 Michal Sedlak , Daniel Reitzner , Giulio Chiribella , Mario Ziman

Quantum uncertainty relations have deep-rooted significance on the formalism of quantum mechanics. Heisenberg's uncertainty relations attracted a renewed interest for its applications in quantum information science. Robertson derived a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-16 Md. Manirul Ali

We rederive uncertainty relations for the angular position and momentum of a particle on a circle by employing the exponential of the angle instead of the angle itself, which leads to circular variance as a natural measure of resolution.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-25 J. Rehacek , Z. Bouchal , R. Celechovsky , Z. Hradil , L. L. Sanchez-Soto

The uncertainty relation of three quantities in quantum mechanics is estimated in terms of commutators. The Pauli matrices are used to find a contribution of third-order commutators. The resulting inequality refines the Heisenberg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Sergei P. Efimov

A prominent formulation of the uncertainty principle identifies the fundamental quantum feature that no particle may be prepared with certain outcomes for both position and momentum measurements. Often the statistical uncertainties are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-08 Fabian Furrer , Mario Berta , Marco Tomamichel , Volkher B. Scholz , Matthias Christandl

Establishing a notion of the quantum state that applies consistently across space and time could be a crucial step toward formulating a relativistic quantum theory. We give an operational meaning to multipartite quantum states over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Seok Hyung Lie , Hyukjoon Kwon

Uncertainty relations between a bounded coordinate operator and a conjugate momentum operator frequently appear in quantum mechanics. We prove that physically reasonable minimum-uncertainty solutions to such relations have quantized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Alan Kostelecky , Bogdan Tudose

We explore the uncertainty relation for unitary operators in a new way and find two uncertainty equalities for unitary operators, which are minimized by any pure states. Additionally, we derive two sets of uncertainty inequalities that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Ao-Xiang Liu , Ma-Cheng Yang , Cong-Feng Qiao

Non-commutative spacetime and quantum groups have been argued to capture non-classical features of spacetime and its symmetries in the low-energy limit of quantum gravity. In this letter, we show that employing the $SU_q(2)$ quantum group…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Vittorio D'Esposito , Giuseppe Fabiano , Domenico Frattulillo

In this work we study various notions of uncertainty for angular momentum in the spin-s representation of SU(2). We characterize the "uncertainty regions'' given by all vectors, whose components are specified by the variances of the three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-05 Lars Dammeier , René Schwonnek , Reinhard F. Werner

The more information a measurement provides about a quantum system's position statistics, the less information a subsequent measurement can provide about the system's momentum statistics. This information trade-off is embodied in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-16 Gregory A. Howland , James Schneeloch , Daniel J. Lum , John C. Howell

Quantum coherence characterizes the non-classical feature of a single party system with respect to a local basis. Based on a recently introduced resource framework, coherence can be regarded as a resource and be systematically manipulated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Yunchao Liu , Qi Zhao , Xiao Yuan

Conventional classical sensors are approaching their maximum sensitivity levels in many areas. Yet these levels still are far from the ultimate limits dictated by quantum mechanics. Quantum sensors promise a substantial step ahead by taking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-02 Aaron Z. Goldberg , Andrei B. Klimov , Gerd Leuchs , Luis L. Sanchez-Soto

This paper proposes a new high-order generalized uncertainty principle, which can modify the momentum operator and position operator simultaneously. Moreover, the new form of GUP is consistent with the viewpoint of the existence of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-06 Zi-Long Zhao , Qi-Kang Ran , Hassan Hassanabadi , Yi Yang , Hao Chen , Zheng-Wen Longa

Uncertainty principle is one of the cornerstones of quantum theory. In the literature, there are two types of uncertainty relations, the operator form concerning the variances of physical observables and the entropy form related to entropic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-18 Jun-Li Li , Cong-Feng Qiao
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