Related papers: Renal function changes in chronic hepatitis B pati…
Diabetes is a chronic disease characterised by a high risk of developing diabetic nephropathy, which, in turn, is the leading cause of end-stage chronic kidney disease. The early identification of individuals at heightened risk of such…
Reducing antibiotic usage in livestock animals has become an urgent issue worldwide to prevent antimicrobial resistance. Here, abuse of chlortetracycline (CTC), a versatile antibacterial agent, on the performance, blood components, fecal…
In studies based on electronic health records (EHR), the frequency of covariate monitoring can vary by covariate type, across patients, and over time. This can lead to major challenges: first, the difference in monitoring protocols may…
Hybrid controlled trials (HCTs), which augment randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with external controls (ECs), are increasingly receiving attention as a way to address limited power, slow accrual, and ethical concerns in clinical…
Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be considered a deadly human syndemic. In this article, we formulate a model for TB and HIV transmission dynamics. The model considers both TB and acquired immune deficiency…
Traumatic brain injury is a global public health problem associated with chronic neurological complications and long-term disability. Biomarkers that map onto the underlying brain pathology driving these complications are urgently needed to…
We conducted a proof-of-concept evaluation of individualized treatment effect (ITE) estimation using survival data from a randomized trial of 475 men with advanced prostate cancer treated with high- versus low-dose diethylstilbestrol (DES).…
Background: RETFound, a self-supervised, retina-specific foundation model (FM), showed potential in downstream applications. However, its comparative performance with traditional deep learning (DL) models remains incompletely understood.…
Stain variability is a pervasive source of distribution shift and potential shortcut learning in renal pathology AI. We ask whether lupus nephritis glomerular lesion classifiers exploit stain as a shortcut, and how to mitigate such bias…
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss among middle-aged and elderly people, which significantly impacts their daily lives and mental health. To improve the efficiency of clinical screening and enable the early…
Raman and IR spectra of k-(BEDT-TTF)_2Cu[N(CN)_2]Br [BEDT-TTF denotes bis(ethylenedithiolo)tetrathiafulvalene] and its deuterated and partially deuterated analogues were measured at temperatures between 5 and 300 K and cooling rates from 1…
Purpose: This study quantifies the variation in dose-volume histogram (DVH) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) metrics for head-and-neck (HN) cancer patients when alternative organ-at-risk (OAR) delineations are used for…
Background and Purpose: This study was designed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MOD) on functional recovery and cerebral plasticity during the first 2 weeks…
Objectives. This review gathers information on the potential role of antihistamines as anti-infective agents and identifies gaps in research that have impaired its applicability in human health. Methods. The literature search encompassed…
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of vision impairment in individuals with diabetes, affects approximately 34.6% of diabetes patients globally, with the number of cases projected to reach 242 million by 2045. Traditional DR…
The timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation for HIV and tuberculosis (TB) co-infected patients needs to be considered carefully. CD4 cell count can be used to guide decision making about when to initiate ART. Evidence from recent…
The treatment effects of medications play a key role in guiding medical prescriptions. They are usually assessed with randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which are expensive. Recently, large-scale electronic health records (EHRs) have…
The study reported herein attempts to understand the neural mechanisms engaged in the conscious control of breathing and breath-hold. The variations in the electroencephalogram (EEG) based functional connectivity (FC) of the human brain…
Studies recently accomplished on the Enteric Nervous System have shown that chronic degenerative diseases affect the Enteric Glial Cells (EGC) and, thus, the development of recognition methods able to identify whether or not the EGC are…
Migraine, a prevalent neurological disorder, has been associated with various ocular manifestations suggestive of neuronal and microvascular deficits. However, there is limited understanding of the extent to which retinal imaging may…