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Many-body quantum systems, under suitable conditions, exhibit time-translation symmetry breaking and settle in a discrete time crystalline (DTC) phase -- an out-of-equilibrium quantum phase of matter. The defining feature of DTC is a robust…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Gourab Das , Saptarshi Saha , Rangeet Bhattacharyya

We describe a possible general and simple paradigm in a classical thermal setting for discrete time crystals (DTCs), systems with stable dynamics which is subharmonic to the driving frequency thus breaking discrete time-translational…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-22 F. M. Gambetta , F. Carollo , A. Lazarides , I. Lesanovsky , J. P. Garrahan

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are emergent non-equilibrium phases of periodically driven many-body systems, with potential applications ranging from quantum computing to sensing and metrology. There has been significant recent interest in…

Discrete time crystals (DTC) exhibit a special non-equilibrium phase of matter in periodically driven many-body systems with spontaneous breaking of time translational symmetry. The presence of decoherence generally enhances thermalization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-31 Rozhin Yousefjani , Angelo Carollo , Krzysztof Sacha , Saif Al-Kuwari , Abolfazl Bayat

A discrete time crystal (DTC) is the paradigmatic example of a phase of matter that occurs exclusively in systems out of equilibrium. This phenomenon is characterized by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of discrete time-translation and…

Time crystals in periodically driven systems have initially been studied assuming either the ability to quench the Hamiltonian between different many-body regimes, the presence of disorder or long-range interactions. Here we propose the…

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are nonequilibrium phases of matter characterized by robust subharmonic order parameter dynamics. We report a new type of DTC in a periodically driven surface code, the subharmonic signature of which is only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Raditya Weda Bomantara

We establish a link between metastability and a discrete time-crystalline phase in a periodically driven open quantum system. The mechanism we highlight requires neither the system to display any microscopic symmetry nor the presence of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-10 F. M. Gambetta , F. Carollo , M. Marcuzzi , J. P. Garrahan , I. Lesanovsky

Discrete time crystal is a class of nonequilibrium quantum systems exhibiting subharmonic responses to external periodic driving. Here we propose a class of discrete time crystals enforced by nonsymmorphic dynamical symmetry. We start with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Zi-Ang Hu , Bo Fu , Xiao Li , Shun-Qing Shen

We study discrete time crystals (DTCs) in periodically driven quantum systems, in the presence of non-Markovian dissipation. In contrast to DTCs observed in earlier works in the presence of Markovian dynamics, using the open Dicke model in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-24 Bandita Das , Noufal Jaseem , Victor Mukherjee

Discrete time crystals (DTC) have emerged as a significant phase of matter for out-of-equilibrium many-body systems. We study how long-range interactions and disorder contribute to the stability of the DTC phase. Generally, a stable DTC…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-05-20 Aarya Bothra , Arti Garg

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are non-equilibrium phases in periodically driven systems that exhibit spontaneous breaking of discrete time-translation symmetry. The stabilization of most DTC phases is achieved via the disorder-induced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Jian-Jia Wang , Ling-Zhi Tang , Yan-Xiong Du , Dan-Wei Zhang

Periodically driven quantum systems manifest various non-equilibrium features which are absent at equilibrium. For example, discrete time-translation symmetry can be broken in periodically driven quantum systems leading to an exotic phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-09 C. M. Dai , Z. C. Gu , X. X. Yi

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are new phases of matter characterized by the presence of an observable evolving with $nT$ periodicity under a $T$-periodic Hamiltonian, where $n>1$ is an integer insensitive to small parameter variations. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-17 Pekik Nurwantoro , Raditya Weda Bomantara , Jiangbin Gong

We analyze the quantum dynamics of periodically driven, disordered systems in the presence of long-range interactions. Focusing on the stability of discrete time crystalline (DTC) order in such systems, we use a perturbative procedure to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-07-10 Wen Wei Ho , Soonwon Choi , Mikhail D. Lukin , Dmitry A. Abanin

A discrete time crystal (DTC) repeats itself with a rigid rhythm, mimicking a ticking clock set by the interplay between its internal structures and an external force. DTCs promise profound applications in precision time-keeping and other…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-07-22 Changyuan Lyu , Sayan Choudhury , Chenwei Lv , Yangqian Yan , Qi Zhou

Discrete (DTCs) and continuous time crystals (CTCs) are novel dynamical many-body states, that are characterized by robust self-sustained oscillations, emerging via spontaneous breaking of discrete or continuous time translation symmetry.…

A discrete time crystal (DTC) is a remarkable non-equilibrium phase of matter characterized by the persistent sub-harmonic oscillations of physical observables in periodically driven many-body systems. Motivated by the question of whether…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2025-06-10 Sk Anisur , W. Vincent Liu , Sayan Choudhury

A remarkable consequence of spontaneously breaking the time translational symmetry in a system, is the emergence of time crystals. In periodically driven systems, discrete time crystals (DTC) can be realized which have a periodicity that is…

Discrete Floquet time crystals (DFTC) are characterized by the spontaneous breaking of the discrete time-translational invariance characteristic of Floquet driven systems. In analogy with equilibrium critical points, also time-crystalline…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-17 Guido Giachetti , Andrea Solfanelli , Lorenzo Correale , Nicolò Defenu
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