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To evaluate site quality and to develop multi-conjugative adaptive optics systems for future large solar telescopes, characterization of contributions to seeing from heights up to at least 12 km above the telescope is needed. We describe a…
This paper reviews our growing understanding of the physics behind coronal heating (in open-field regions) and the acceleration of the solar wind. Many new insights have come from the last solar cycle's worth of observations and theoretical…
The solar corona is a hot, dynamic, and highly magnetized plasma environment whose source of energy is not yet well understood. One leading contender for that energy source is the dissipation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves or turbulent…
We investigate the recently quantified misalignment of $\alpha_{mis} \approx 20^\circ-40^\circ$ between the 3-D geometry of stereoscopically triangulated coronal loops observed with STEREO/EUVI (in four active regions) and theoretical…
The nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) modeling has been extensively used to infer the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field in the solar corona. One of the assumptions in the NLFFF extrapolation is that the plasma beta is low, but this…
Measurement of the coronal magnetic field is a crucial ingredient in understanding the nature of solar coronal dynamic phenomena at all scales. We employ STEREO/COR1 data obtained near maximum of solar activity in December 2012 (Carrington…
We establish a spherically symmetric model of solar atmosphere, which consists of the whole chromosphere and low corona below the $1.25$ solar radius. It is a hydrodynamic model with heating in the chromosphere through an artificial energy…
The magnetic field in the Sun's corona stores energy that can be released to heat the coronal plasma and drive solar eruptions. Measurements of the global coronal magnetic field have been limited to a few snapshots. We present observations…
Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical large eddy simulations of solar surface convection using realistic model physics is conducted. The effects of magnetic fields on thermal structure of convective motions into radiative layers, the…
Various models of solar sub-surface stratification are tested in the global EULAG-MHD solver to simulate diverse regimes of near-surface convective transport. Sub- and superadiabacity are altered at the surface of the model ($ r >…
The SDO/HMI instruments provide photospheric vector magnetograms with a high spatial and temporal resolution. Our intention is to model the coronal magnetic field above active regions with the help of a nonlinear force-free extrapolation…
Cosmic rays can interact with the solar atmosphere and produce a slew of secondary messengers, making the Sun a bright gamma-ray source in the sky. Detailed observations with Fermi-LAT have shown that these interactions must be strongly…
We solve numerically ideal, 2.5D, MHD equations in Cartesian coordinates, with a plasma beta of 0.0001 starting from the equilibrium that mimics a footpoint of a large curvature radius solar coronal loop or a polar region plume. On top of…
This study examines the shock speed and source height of coronal shock waves using Type II solar radio bursts. The solar radio burst data from January 2022 to October 2023 were obtained from eCALLISTO archive. The type II radio bursts were…
We report on a clear solar-cycle variation of the Sun's shadow in the 10 TeV cosmic-ray flux observed by the Tibet air shower array during a full solar cycle from 1996 to 2009. In order to clarify the physical implications of the observed…
A nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) extrapolation is widely used to reconstruct the three-dimensional magnetic field in the solar corona from the observed photospheric magnetic field. However, the pressure gradient and gravitational forces…
The present study provides statistical information on the coronal magnetic field and intensity properties of small-scale bright and faint loops in the quiet Sun. We aim to quantitatively investigate the morphological and topological…
We investigate small-scale dynamo action in the solar convection zone through a series of high resolution MHD simulations in a local Cartesian domain with 1$R_\odot$ (solar radius) of horizontal extent and a radial extent from 0.715 to…
The internal dynamics of the Sun generate magnetic and plasma structures in the photosphere and overlying atmosphere across a wide range of spatial scales. Identifying the critical spatial scale is essential for interpreting physical…
The properties of the solar wind measured in-situ in the heliosphere are largely controlled by energy deposition in the solar. Previous studies have shown that long duration and large scale magnetic structures show an inverse relation…