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Reward design is of great importance for solving complex tasks with reinforcement learning. Recent studies have explored using image-text similarity produced by vision-language models (VLMs) to augment rewards of a task with visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Lirui Luo , Guoxi Zhang , Hongming Xu , Yaodong Yang , Cong Fang , Qing Li

This paper investigates models of event implications. Specifically, how well models predict entity state-changes, by targeting their understanding of physical attributes. Nominally, Large Language models (LLM) have been exposed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Evangelia Spiliopoulou , Artidoro Pagnoni , Yonatan Bisk , Eduard Hovy

Learning curves are a measure for how the performance of machine learning models improves given a certain volume of training data. Over a wide variety of applications and models it was observed that learning curves follow -- to a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Laura Didyk , Brayden Yarish , Michael A. Beck , Christopher P. Bidinosti , Christopher J. Henry

Video segmentation aims at partitioning video sequences into meaningful segments based on objects or regions of interest within frames. Current video segmentation models are often derived from image segmentation techniques, which struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Chen Liang , Qiang Guo , Xiaochao Qu , Luoqi Liu , Ting Liu

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at single-image understanding, they exhibit significantly degraded performance in multi-image reasoning scenarios. Multi-image reasoning presents fundamental challenges including complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jianghao Yin , Qingbin Li , Kun Sun , Cheng Ding , Jie Wang , Qin Chen , Jie Zhou , Nan Wang , Changqing Li , Pei Wu , Jian Xu , Zheming Yang , Liang He

Humans exhibit incredibly high levels of multi-modal understanding - combining visual cues with read, or heard knowledge comes easy to us and allows for very accurate interaction with the surrounding environment. Various simulation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Michal Nazarczuk , Tony Ng , Krystian Mikolajczyk

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in solving complex tasks, including those requiring a certain level of reasoning. In this paper, we focus on state tracking, a problem where models need to keep track of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Kiamehr Rezaee , Jose Camacho-Collados , Mohammad Taher Pilehvar

Imitation learning aims to extract high-performance policies from logged demonstrations of expert behavior. It is common to frame imitation learning as a supervised learning problem in which one fits a function approximator to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Mengjiao Yang , Dale Schuurmans , Pieter Abbeel , Ofir Nachum

Learning to perform manipulation tasks from human videos is a promising approach for teaching robots. However, many manipulation tasks require changing control parameters during task execution, such as force, which visual data alone cannot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Chen Wang , Fei Xia , Wenhao Yu , Tingnan Zhang , Ruohan Zhang , C. Karen Liu , Li Fei-Fei , Jie Tan , Jacky Liang

Generating visual instructions in a given context is essential for developing interactive world simulators. While prior works address this problem through either text-guided image manipulation or video prediction, these tasks are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yujiang Pu , Zhanbo Huang , Vishnu Boddeti , Yu Kong

Given the current visual observations, the traditional procedure planning task in instructional videos requires a model to generate goal-directed plans within a given action space. All previous methods for this task conduct training and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Yilu Wu , Hanlin Wang , Jing Wang , Limin Wang

Visual tracking aims to automatically estimate the state of a target object in a video sequence, which is challenging especially in dynamic scenarios. Thus, numerous methods are proposed to introduce temporal cues to enhance tracking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yinchao Ma , Dengqing Yang , Zhangyu He , Wenfei Yang , Tianzhu Zhang

Achieving fine-grained spatio-temporal understanding in videos remains a major challenge for current Video Large Multimodal Models (Video LMMs). Addressing this challenge requires mastering two core capabilities: video referring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Ye Sun , Hao Zhang , Henghui Ding , Tiehua Zhang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Human communication takes many forms, including speech, text and instructional videos. It typically has an underlying structure, with a starting point, ending, and certain objective steps between them. In this paper, we consider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-12 Ozan Sener , Amir Roshan Zamir , Chenxia Wu , Silvio Savarese , Ashutosh Saxena

Data science has the potential to improve business in a variety of verticals. While the lion's share of data science projects uses a predictive approach, to drive improvements these predictions should become decisions. However, such a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Hanan Shteingart , Gerben Oostra , Ohad Levinkron , Naama Parush , Gil Shabat , Daniel Aronovich

Latent action models (LAMs) aim to learn action-relevant changes from unlabeled videos by compressing changes between frames as latents. However, differences between video frames can be caused by controllable changes as well as exogenous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Chuheng Zhang , Tim Pearce , Pushi Zhang , Kaixin Wang , Xiaoyu Chen , Wei Shen , Li Zhao , Jiang Bian

Symbols representing abstract states such as "dish in dishwasher" or "cup on table" allow robots to reason over long horizons by hiding details unnecessary for high-level planning. Current methods for learning to identify symbolic states in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Toki Migimatsu , Jeannette Bohg

Despite impressive advancements in recent multimodal reasoning approaches, they are still limited in flexibility and efficiency, as these models typically process only a few fixed modality inputs and require updates to numerous parameters.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Shoubin Yu , Jaehong Yoon , Mohit Bansal

The field of predictive process monitoring focuses on case-level models to predict a single specific outcome such as a particular objective, (remaining) time, or next activity/remaining sequence. Recently, a longer-horizon, model-wide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Johannes De Smedt , Jochen De Weerdt

The aim of this paper is to describe a basic idea to introduce formal modeling in development and presentation of e-learning systems. By introducing formalism, reasoning on e-learning systems and processes through them can be more easily…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-10-31 Gordana Rakic , Ljubomir Jerinic , Zoran Budimac , Mirjana Ivanovic