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Hierarchical matrices approximate a given matrix by a decomposition into low-rank submatrices that can be handled efficiently in factorized form. $\mathcal{H}^2$-matrices refine this representation following the ideas of fast multipole…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Steffen Börm

Many matrices appearing in numerical methods for partial differential equations and integral equations are rank-structured, i.e., they contain submatrices that can be approximated by matrices of low rank. A relatively general class of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-10 Steffen Börm , Knut Reimer

${\cal H}^2$-matrix constitutes a general mathematical framework for efficient computation of both partial-differential-equation and integral-equation-based operators. Existing linear-complexity ${\cal H}^2$ matrix-matrix product (MMP)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Miaomiao Ma , Dan Jiao

The multiplication of matrices is an important arithmetic operation in computational mathematics. In the context of hierarchical matrices, this operation can be realized by the multiplication of structured block-wise low-rank matrices,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-05-24 Jürgen Dölz , Helmut Harbrecht , Michael D. Multerer

Standard numerical algorithms like the fast multipole method or $\mathcal{H}$-matrix schemes rely on low-rank approximations of the underlying kernel function. For high-frequency problems, the ranks grow rapidly as the mesh is refined, and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-20 Steffen Börm

Hierarchical matrices are data-sparse approximations of dense matrices that are widely used for fast matrix computations. Hierarchical matrices are built using a tree data structure, with low-rank blocks identified by various admissibility…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Ritesh Khan , Erin Carson

Hierarchical matrices provide a highly memory-efficient way of storing dense linear operators arising, for example, from boundary element methods, particularly when stored in the H^2 format. In such data-sparse representations, iterative…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Sven Christophersen

Hierarchical matrices are space and time efficient representations of dense matrices that exploit the low rank structure of matrix blocks at different levels of granularity. The hierarchically low rank block partitioning produces…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Wajih Halim Boukaram , George Turkiyyah , David E. Keyes

Randomized sampling has recently been demonstrated to be an efficient technique for computing approximate low-rank factorizations of matrices for which fast methods for computing matrix vector products are available. This paper describes an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2008-06-17 Per-Gunnar Martinsson

Numerical algorithms for elliptic partial differential equations frequently employ error estimators and adaptive mesh refinement strategies in order to reduce the computational cost. We can extend these techniques to general vectors by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-11 Steffen Börm

We consider discretizations of the hyper-singular integral operator on closed surfaces and show that the inverses of the corresponding system matrices can be approximated by blockwise low-rank matrices at an exponential rate in the block…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-04 Markus Faustmann , Jens Markus Melenk , Dirk Praetorius

We describe a new method to map the requested error tolerance on an H-matrix approximation to the block error tolerances. Numerical experiments show that the method produces more efficient approximations than the standard method for kernels…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2011-10-14 Andrew M. Bradley

Boundary integral equations lead to dense system matrices when discretized, yet they are data-sparse. Using the $\mathcal{H}$-matrix format, this sparsity is exploited to achieve $\mathcal{O}(N\log N)$ complexity for storage and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-22 Kobe Bruyninckx , Daan Huybrechs , Karl Meerbergen

Hierarchical matrices (usually abbreviated ${\mathcal H}$-matrices) are frequently used to construct preconditioners for systems of linear equations. Since it is possible to compute approximate inverses or $LU$ factorizations in ${\mathcal…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-02-24 Steffen Börm , Jessica Gördes

Boundary element methods for elliptic partial differential equations typically lead to boundary integral operators with translation-invariant kernel functions. Taking advantage of this property is fairly simple for particle methods, e.g.,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-10 Steffen Börm , Janne Henningsen

Advanced optimization algorithms such as Newton method and AdaGrad benefit from second order derivative or second order statistics to achieve better descent directions and faster convergence rates. At their heart, such algorithms need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Yao Lu , Mehrtash Harandi , Richard Hartley , Razvan Pascanu

In this article we extend the adaptive cross approximation (ACA) method known for the efficient approximation of discretisations of integral operators to a block-adaptive version. While ACA is usually employed to assemble hierarchical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-05-07 M. Bauer , M. Bebendorf

In this paper, we consider the matrices approximated in H2 format. The direct solution, as well as the preconditioning, of systems with such matrices is a challenging problem. We propose a non-extensive sparse factorization of the H2 matrix…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Daria Sushnikova , Ivan Oseledets

We introduce a data distribution scheme for $\mathcal{H}$-matrices and a distributed-memory algorithm for $\mathcal{H}$-matrix-vector multiplication. Our data distribution scheme avoids an expensive $\Omega(P^2)$ scheduling procedure used…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-23 Yingzhou Li , Jack Poulson , Lexing Ying

Randomized sampling has recently been proven a highly efficient technique for computing approximate factorizations of matrices that have low numerical rank. This paper describes an extension of such techniques to a wider class of matrices…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Per-Gunnar Martinsson
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