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Modern computer systems store vast amounts of personal data, enabling advances in AI and ML but risking user privacy and trust. For privacy reasons, it is sometimes desired for an ML model to forget part of the data it was trained on. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Amartya Hatua , Trung T. Nguyen , Filip Cano , Andrew H. Sung

Multilingual Alignment is an effective and representative paradigm to enhance LLMs' multilingual capabilities, which transfers the capabilities from the high-resource languages to the low-resource languages. Meanwhile, some research on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Shimao Zhang , Zhejian Lai , Xiang Liu , Shuaijie She , Xiao Liu , Yeyun Gong , Shujian Huang , Jiajun Chen

This paper explores pruning attention heads as a post-processing bias mitigation method for large language models (LLMs). Modern AI systems such as LLMs are expanding into sensitive social contexts where fairness concerns become especially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Vishnu Asutosh Dasu , Md Rafi ur Rashid , Vipul Gupta , Saeid Tizpaz-Niari , Gang Tan

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable generative capabilities but raise ethical and security concerns by memorizing sensitive data, reinforcing biases, and producing harmful content. These risks have spurred interest in LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Changsheng Wang , Yihua Zhang , Dennis Wei , Jinghan Jia , Pin-Yu Chen , Sijia Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become foundational tools in natural language processing, powering a wide range of applications and research. Many studies have shown that LLMs share significant similarities with the human brain. Recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zixuan Qin , Qingchen Yu , Kunlin Lyu , Zhaoxin Fan , Yifan Sun

Artificial neural network pruning is a method in which artificial neural network sizes can be reduced while attempting to preserve the predicting capabilities of the network. This is done to make the model smaller or faster during inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Alexandre Broggi , Nathaniel Bastian , Lance Fiondella , Gokhan Kul

Vision-language models (VLMs) typically encode substantially more visual tokens than text tokens, resulting in significant token redundancy. Pruning uninformative visual tokens is therefore crucial for improving computational efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Kai Zhao , Wubang Yuan , Yuchen Lin , Liting Ruan , Xiaofeng Lu , Deng-Ping Fan , Ming-Ming Cheng , Dan Zeng

The success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in various applications is accompanied by a significant increase in computation and parameter storage costs. Recent efforts to reduce these overheads involve pruning and compressing the…

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a fixture in modern machine learning. Correspondingly, significant resources are allocated towards research that aims to further advance this technology, typically resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Pratyusha Sharma , Jordan T. Ash , Dipendra Misra

Various Large Language Models~(LLMs) from the Generative Pretrained Transformer(GPT) family have achieved outstanding performances in a wide range of text generation tasks. However, the enormous model sizes have hindered their practical use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Hang Shao , Bei Liu , Bo Xiao , Ke Zeng , Guanglu Wan , Yanmin Qian

Pruning is a widely used technique to reduce the size and inference cost of large language models (LLMs), but it often causes performance degradation. To mitigate this, existing restoration methods typically employ parameter-efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zijian Feng , Hanzhang Zhou , Zixiao Zhu , Tianjiao Li , Jia Jim Deryl Chua , Lee Onn Mak , Gee Wah Ng , Kezhi Mao

Unlearning in large language models (LLMs) aims to remove specified data, but its efficacy is typically assessed with task-level metrics like accuracy and perplexity. We show that these metrics can be misleading, as models can appear to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiaoyu Xu , Xiang Yue , Yang Liu , Qingqing Ye , Huadi Zheng , Peizhao Hu , Minxin Du , Haibo Hu

Recent large-scale natural language processing (NLP) systems use a pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) on massive and diverse corpora as a headstart. In practice, the pre-trained model is adapted to a wide array of tasks via fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Jimit Majmudar , Christophe Dupuy , Charith Peris , Sami Smaili , Rahul Gupta , Richard Zemel

Current unlearning methods for LLMs optimize on the private information they seek to remove by incorporating it into their fine-tuning data. We argue this not only risks reinforcing exposure to sensitive data, but also fundamentally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yan Scholten , Sophie Xhonneux , Leo Schwinn , Stephan Günnemann

Studies on artificial neural networks rarely address both vanishing gradients and overfitting issues. In this study, we follow the pupil learning procedure, which has the features of interpreting, picking, understanding, cramming, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Rua-Huan Tsaih , Yu-Hang Chien , Shih-Yi Chien

Delineating how animal behavior arises from neural activity is a foundational goal of neuroscience. However, as the computations underlying behavior unfold in networks of thousands of individual neurons across the entire brain, this…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-04 Jacob J. Morra , Kaitlyn E. Fouke , Kexin Hang , Zichen He , Owen Traubert , Timothy W. Dunn , Eva A. Naumann

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress, with model optimization primarily relying on gradient-based optimizers such as Adam. However, these gradient-based methods impose stringent hardware requirements,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 WenTao Liu , Siyu Song , Hao Hao , Aimin Zhou

To remove redundant components of large language models (LLMs) without incurring significant computational costs, this work focuses on single-shot pruning without a retraining phase. We simplify the pruning process for Transformer-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jianwei Li , Yijun Dong , Qi Lei

Deep learning stands as the modern paradigm for solving cognitive tasks. However, as the problem complexity increases, models grow deeper and computationally prohibitive, hindering advancements in real-world and resource-constrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Gustavo Henrique do Nascimento , Ian Pons , Anna Helena Reali Costa , Artur Jordao

Information removal or suppression in large language models (LLMs) is a desired functionality, useful in AI regulation, legal compliance, safety, and privacy. LLM unlearning methods aim to remove information on demand from LLMs. Current LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Debdeep Sanyal , Murari Mandal