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Asynchronous stochastic gradient descent (ASGD) is a standard way to exploit heterogeneous compute resources in distributed learning: instead of forcing fast workers to wait for slow ones, the server updates the model whenever a gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Ammar Mahran , Artavazd Maranjyan , Peter Richtárik

Diffusion approximation provides weak approximation for stochastic gradient descent algorithms in a finite time horizon. In this paper, we introduce new tools motivated by the backward error analysis of numerical stochastic differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Yuanyuan Feng , Tingran Gao , Lei Li , Jian-Guo Liu , Yulong Lu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely believed to perform implicit regularization when used to train deep neural networks, but the precise manner in which this occurs has thus far been elusive. We prove that SGD minimizes an average…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Pratik Chaudhari , Stefano Soatto

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a fundamental optimization algorithm widely used in modern machine learning. In this paper, we propose Factor-Augmented SGD (FSGD), a new optimization method that leverages latent factor representations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-20 Shubo Li , Yuefeng Han , Xiufan Yu

Over the last decades, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) has been intensively studied by the Machine Learning community. Despite its versatility and excellent performance, the optimization of large models via SGD still is a time-consuming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Mauro DL Tosi , Martin Theobald

Modern proximal and stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods are believed to efficiently minimize large composite objective functions, but such methods have two algorithmic challenges: (1) a lack of fast or justified stop conditions, and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-01-05 Vivak Patel

Gradient descent and stochastic gradient descent are central to modern machine learning, yet their behavior under large step sizes remains theoretically unclear. Recent work suggests that acceleration often arises near the edge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Sacchit Kale , Piyushi Manupriya , Pierre Marion , Francis Bach , Anant Raj

We consider the problem of high-dimensional heavy-tailed statistical estimation in the streaming setting, which is much harder than the traditional batch setting due to memory constraints. We cast this problem as stochastic convex…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-29 Aniket Das , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Soumyabrata Pal , Arun Suggala , Prateek Varshney

In this work we consider the stochastic minimization of nonsmooth convex loss functions, a central problem in machine learning. We propose a novel algorithm called Accelerated Nonsmooth Stochastic Gradient Descent (ANSGD), which exploits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-02 Hua Ouyang , Alexander Gray

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is perhaps the most prevalent optimization method in modern machine learning. Contrary to the empirical practice of sampling from the datasets without replacement and with (possible) reshuffling at each…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-08 Xufeng Cai , Cheuk Yin Lin , Jelena Diakonikolas

In this paper, we propose a method of distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD), with low communication load and computational complexity, and still fast convergence. To reduce the communication load, at each iteration of the algorithm,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Naeimeh Omidvar , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali , Hamed Mahdavi

This paper develops asymptotic theory for quantile estimation via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with a constant learning rate. The quantile loss function is neither smooth nor strongly convex. Beyond conventional perspectives and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-06 Ziyang Wei , Jiaqi Li , Likai Chen , Wei Biao Wu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the optimization algorithm of choice in many machine learning applications such as regularized empirical risk minimization and training deep neural networks. The classical convergence analysis of SGD is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-07-10 Lam M. Nguyen , Phuong Ha Nguyen , Marten van Dijk , Peter Richtárik , Katya Scheinberg , Martin Takáč

We propose LQ-SGD (Low-Rank Quantized Stochastic Gradient Descent), an efficient communication gradient compression algorithm designed for distributed training. LQ-SGD further develops on the basis of PowerSGD by incorporating the low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hongyang Li , Lincen Bai , Caesar Wu , Mohammed Chadli , Said Mammar , Pascal Bouvry

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization algorithms are key ingredients in a series of machine learning applications. In this article we perform a rigorous strong error analysis for SGD optimization algorithms. In particular, we prove…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-05 Arnulf Jentzen , Benno Kuckuck , Ariel Neufeld , Philippe von Wurstemberger

Understanding the implicit bias of training algorithms is of crucial importance in order to explain the success of overparametrised neural networks. In this paper, we study the dynamics of stochastic gradient descent over diagonal linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Scott Pesme , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Nicolas Flammarion

We study a distributed consensus-based stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm and show that the rate of convergence involves the spectral properties of two matrices: the standard spectral gap of a weight matrix from the network…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-09-02 Avleen S. Bijral , Anand D. Sarwate , Nathan Srebro

When solving finite-sum minimization problems, two common alternatives to stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with theoretical benefits are random reshuffling (SGD-RR) and shuffle-once (SGD-SO), in which functions are sampled in cycles…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-02 Carles Domingo-Enrich

Sign Gradient Descent (SignGD) is a simple yet robust optimization method, widely used in machine learning for its resilience to gradient noise and compatibility with low-precision computations. While its empirical performance is well…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-27 Valentin Leplat , Sergio Mayorga , Roland Hildebrand , Alexander Gasnikov

Neural network has attracted great attention for a long time and many researchers are devoted to improve the effectiveness of neural network training algorithms. Though stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and other explicit gradient-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-11 Ren Liu , Xiaoqun Zhang