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Attention efficiency is critical to large language model (LLM) inference. While prior advances optimize attention execution for individual requests (e.g., FlashAttention), production LLM serving relies on batching requests with highly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Rui Ning , Wei Zhang , Fan Lai

Large language models (LLMs) augmented with retrieval exhibit robust performance and extensive versatility by incorporating external contexts. However, the input length grows linearly in the number of retrieved documents, causing a dramatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yun Zhu , Jia-Chen Gu , Caitlin Sikora , Ho Ko , Yinxiao Liu , Chu-Cheng Lin , Lei Shu , Liangchen Luo , Lei Meng , Bang Liu , Jindong Chen

The network edge's role in Artificial Intelligence (AI) inference processing is rapidly expanding, driven by a plethora of applications seeking computational advantages. These applications strive for data-driven efficiency, leveraging…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Roberto Morabito , Mallik Tatipamula , Sasu Tarkoma , Mung Chiang

On-device inference holds great potential for increased energy efficiency, responsiveness, and privacy in edge ML systems. However, due to less capable ML models that can be embedded in resource-limited devices, use cases are limited to…

The growing gap between the increasing complexity of large language models (LLMs) and the limited computational budgets of edge devices poses a key challenge for efficient on-device inference, despite gradual improvements in hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xiangchen Li , Dimitrios Spatharakis , Saeid Ghafouri , Jiakun Fan , Hans Vandierendonck , Deepu John , Bo Ji , Dimitrios Nikolopoulos

To break the context limits of large language models (LLMs) that bottleneck reasoning accuracy and efficiency, we propose the Thread Inference Model (TIM), a family of LLMs trained for recursive and decompositional problem solving, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Hongyin Luo , Nathaniel Morgan , Tina Li , Derek Zhao , Ai Vy Ngo , Philip Schroeder , Lijie Yang , Assaf Ben-Kish , Jack O'Brien , James Glass

With the wide adoption of language models for IR -- and specifically RAG systems -- the latency of the underlying LLM becomes a crucial bottleneck, since the long contexts of retrieved passages lead large prompts and therefore, compute…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Cornelius Kummer , Lena Jurkschat , Michael Färber , Sahar Vahdati

The deployment and scaling of large language models (LLMs) have become critical as they permeate various applications, demanding high-throughput and low-latency serving systems. Existing frameworks struggle to balance these requirements,…

A new generation of manycore processors is on the rise that offers dozens and more cores on a chip and, in a sense, fuses host processor and accelerator. In this paper we target the efficient training of generalized linear models on these…

Performance · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Eliza Wszola , Celestine Mendler-Dünner , Martin Jaggi , Markus Püschel

The rapid development of the Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years has been closely linked to their ever-growing and already enormous sizes. Many LLMs contain hundreds of billions of parameters and require dedicated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Mahsa Salmani , Ilya Soloveychik

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across a wide range of applications, often outperforming human experts. However, deploying these gigantic models efficiently for diverse inference use cases requires carefully…

Large language models (LLMs) are known for their exceptional performance across a range of natural language processing tasks, but their deployment comes at a high computational and financial cost. On the other hand, smaller language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Adarsh MS , Jithin VG , Ditto PS

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite their remarkable capabilities, are prone to generating hallucinated or outdated content due to their static internal knowledge. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrated with Reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhiwen Tan , Jiaming Huang , Qintong Wu , Hongxuan Zhang , Chenyi Zhuang , Jinjie Gu

Machine learning models deployed on edge devices have enabled numerous exciting new applications, such as humanoid robots, AR glasses, and autonomous vehicles. However, the computing resources available on these edge devices are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Jinjie Liu , Hang Qiu

Efficient parallelization of Large Language Models (LLMs) with long sequences is essential but challenging due to their significant computational and memory demands, particularly stemming from communication bottlenecks in attention…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zongwu Wang , Fangxin Liu , Mingshuai Li , Li Jiang

The rising demand for Large Language Model (LLM) inference services has intensified pressure on computational resources, resulting in latency and cost challenges. This paper introduces a novel routing algorithm based on the Non-dominated…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Shibo Yu , Mohammad Goudarzi , Adel Nadjaran Toosi

The widespread adoption of LLMs has driven an exponential rise in their deployment, imposing substantial demands on inference clusters. These clusters must handle numerous concurrent queries for different LLM downstream tasks. To handle…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Nikoleta Iliakopoulou , Jovan Stojkovic , Chloe Alverti , Tianyin Xu , Hubertus Franke , Josep Torrellas

Inference of Large Language Models (LLMs) across computer clusters has become a focal point of research in recent times, with many acceleration techniques taking inspiration from CPU speculative execution. These techniques reduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Branden Butler , Sixing Yu , Arya Mazaheri , Ali Jannesari

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, the substantial number of parameters in LLMs contributes to significant latency during model inference. This is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Pengfei Wu , Jiahao Liu , Zhuocheng Gong , Qifan Wang , Jinpeng Li , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao

In the era of diminishing returns from Moores Law, heterogeneous computing systems have emerged as a vital approach to enhance computational efficiency. This paper introduces a novel MLIR-based dialect, named hyper, designed to optimize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhiyuan Tan , Liutong Han , Mingjie Xing , Yanjun Wu