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For noncooperative games the mean field (MF) methodology provides decentralized strategies which yield Nash equilibria for large population systems in the asymptotic limit of an infinite (mass) population. The MF control laws use only the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-10-22 Arman C. Kizilkale , Peter E. Caines

Mean field games are studied by means of the weak formulation of stochastic optimal control. This approach allows the mean field interactions to enter through both state and control processes and take a form which is general enough to…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-09 Rene Carmona , Daniel Lacker

In this tutorial, we provide an introduction to machine learning methods for finding Nash equilibria in games with large number of agents. These types of problems are important for the operations research community because of their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Gokce Dayanikli , Mathieu Lauriere

In this paper, we present a model of a game among teams. Each team consists of a homogeneous population of agents. Agents within a team are cooperative while the teams compete with other teams. The dynamics and the costs are coupled through…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Jayakumar Subramanian , Akshat Kumar , Aditya Mahajan

Mean field game equilibria are predicated on the assumption of immediate pairwise interactions within a population of homogeneous agents with asymptotically vanishing influence as population size increases. However, in many real-world…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Farid Rajabali , Roland Malhame , Sadegh Bolouki

This paper delves into studying the differences and connections between open-loop and closed-loop strategies for the linear quadratic (LQ) mean field games (MFGs) by the direct approach. The investigation begins with the finite-population…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-21 Yong Liang , Bing-Chang Wang , Huanshui Zhang

This paper introduces a framework of Constrained Mean-Field Games (CMFGs), where each agent solves a constrained Markov decision process (CMDP). This formulation captures scenarios in which agents' strategies are subject to feasibility,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Anran Hu , Zijiu Lyu

The large-population system consists of considerable small agents whose individual behavior and mass effect are interrelated via their state-average. The mean-field game provides an efficient way to get the decentralized strategies of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-03-25 Jianhui Huang , Shujun Wang

We study Mean Field Games (MFGs) driven by a large class of nonlocal, fractional and anomalous diffusions in the whole space. These non-Gaussian diffusions are pure jump L\'evy processes with some $\sigma$-stable like behaviour. Included…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-03-10 Olav Ersland , Espen Robstad Jakobsen

Mean-field reinforcement learning has become a popular theoretical framework for efficiently approximating large-scale multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problems exhibiting symmetry. However, questions remain regarding the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Batuhan Yardim , Artur Goldman , Niao He

This paper is concerned with a new class of mean-field games which involve a finite number of agents. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of the decentralized open-loop Nash equilibrium in terms of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Bing-Chang Wang , Huanshui Zhang , Minyue Fu , Yong Liang

We introduce and study a mean-field model for a system of spatially distributed players interacting through an evolutionary game driven by a replicator dynamics. Strategies evolve by a replicator dynamics influenced by the position and the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-11 Luigi Ambrosio , Massimo Fornasier , Marco Morandotti , Giuseppe Savaré

We introduce a mean field model for optimal holding of a representative agent of her peers as a natural expected scaling limit from the corresponding $N-$agent model. The induced mean field dynamics appear naturally in a form which is not…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Mao Fabrice Djete , Nizar Touzi

The emergence of the graphon theory of large networks and their infinite limits has enabled the formulation of a theory of the centralized control of dynamical systems distributed on asymptotically infinite networks (Gao and Caines, IEEE…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-30 Peter E. Caines , Minyi Huang

We study stationary mean field games with singular controls in which the representative player interacts with a long-time weighted average of the population through a discounted and an ergodic performance criterion. This class of games…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Haoyang Cao , Jodi Dianetti , Giorgio Ferrari

In this paper, we consider a mean field game (MFG) model perturbed by small common noise. Our goal is to give an approximation of the Nash equilibrium strategy of this game using a solution from the original no common noise MFG whose…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-31 Saran Ahuja , Weiluo Ren , Tzu-Wei Yang

Inspired by successful biological collective decision mechanisms such as honey bees searching for a new colony or the collective navigation of fish schools, we consider a mean field games (MFG)-like scenario where a large number of agents…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-01-26 Rabih Salhab , Roland P. Malhamé , Jerome Le Ny

We consider a multi-player stochastic differential game with linear McKean-Vlasov dynamics and quadratic cost functional depending on the variance and mean of the state and control actions of the players in open-loop form. Finite and…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-04 Enzo Miller , Huyen Pham

This paper studies an optimal investment-consumption problem for competitive agents with exponential or power utilities and a common finite time horizon. Each agent regards the average of habit formation and wealth from all peers as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-06 Zongxia Liang , Keyu Zhang

The theory of mean field games is a tool to understand noncooperative dynamic stochastic games with a large number of players. Much of the theory has evolved under conditions ensuring uniqueness of the mean field game Nash equilibrium.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Bruce Hajek , Michael Livesay