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Related papers: Scalable Learning of Item Response Theory Models

200 papers

Experimental evaluation is crucial in AI research, especially for assessing algorithms across diverse tasks. Many studies often evaluate a limited set of algorithms, failing to fully understand their strengths and weaknesses within a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Brodie Oldfield , Sevvandi Kandanaarachchi , Ziqi Xu , Mario Andrés Muñoz

Incorporating Item Response Theory (IRT) into NLP tasks can provide valuable information about model performance and behavior. Traditionally, IRT models are learned using human response pattern (RP) data, presenting a significant bottleneck…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-02 John P. Lalor , Hao Wu , Hong Yu

A general framework of latent trait item response models for continuous responses is given. In contrast to classical test theory models, which traditionally distinguish between true scores and error scores, the responses are clearly linked…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-11 Gerhard Tutz , Pascal Jordan

Semantics based knowledge representations such as ontologies are found to be very useful in automatically generating meaningful factual questions. Determining the difficulty level of these system generated questions is helpful to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Vinu E. , P Sreenivasa Kumar

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across a wide range of natural language tasks. However, selecting the optimal LLM to respond to a user query often necessitates a delicate balance between performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Wei Song , Zhenya Huang , Cheng Cheng , Weibo Gao , Bihan Xu , GuanHao Zhao , Fei Wang , Runze Wu

Accuracy-based evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) measures benchmark-specific performance rather than underlying medical competency: it treats all questions as equally informative, conflates model ability with item characteristics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zhimeng Luo , Lixin Wu , Adam Frisch , Daqing He

In this paper, we present a complete framework for quickly calibrating and administering a robust large-scale computerized adaptive test (CAT) with a small number of responses. Calibration - learning item parameters in a test - is done…

Statistical models such as those derived from Item Response Theory (IRT) enable the assessment of students on a specific subject, which can be useful for several purposes (e.g., learning path customization, drop-out prediction). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Luca Benedetto , Andrea Cappelli , Roberto Turrin , Paolo Cremonesi

Item response theory (IRT) models for categorical response data are widely used in the analysis of educational data, computerized adaptive testing, and psychological surveys. However, most IRT models rely on both the assumption that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-01-14 Ryan Ning , Andrew E. Waters , Christoph Studer , Richard G. Baraniuk

We propose a structural equation model, which reduces to a multidimensional latent class item response theory model, for the analysis of binary item responses with non-ignorable missingness. The missingness mechanism is driven by two sets…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-10-21 Silvia Bacci , Francesco Bartolucci

Item Response Theory (IRT) is a popular assessment method used in education measurement, which builds on an assumption of a probability framework connecting students' innate ability and their actual performances on test items. The model…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-05-19 Jing Wang , Lei Bao

Multidimensional item response theory is a statistical test theory used to estimate the latent skills of learners and the difficulty levels of problems based on test results. Both compensatory and non-compensatory models have been proposed…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-22 Hiroshi Tamano , Hideitsu Hino , Daichi Mochihashi

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) on comprehensive benchmarks is a cornerstone of their development, yet it's often computationally and financially prohibitive. While Item Response Theory (IRT) offers a promising path toward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Lele Liao , Qile Zhang , Ruofan Wu , Guanhua Fang

In a recent review, Liu, Pek, & Maydeu-Olivares (2025b) classified reliability coefficients into two types: classical test theory (CTT) reliability and proportional reduction in mean squared error (PRMSE). This article focuses on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Youjin Sung , Yang Liu

Educational assessments are valuable tools for measuring student knowledge and skills, but their validity can be compromised when test takers exhibit changes in response behavior due to factors such as time pressure. To address this issue,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-06 Gabriel Wallin , Yunxiao Chen , Yi-Hsuan Lee , Xiaoou Li

Model evaluation is a critical component in supervised machine learning classification analyses. Traditional metrics do not currently incorporate case difficulty. This renders the classification results unbenchmarked for generalization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Adrienne Kline , Joon Lee

Item response theory aims to estimate respondent's latent skills from their responses in tests composed of items with different levels of difficulty. Several models of item response theory have been proposed for different types of tasks,…

The rapid release of both language models and benchmarks makes it increasingly costly to evaluate every model on every dataset. In practice, models are often evaluated on different samples, making scores difficult to compare across studies.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Eliya Habba , Itay Itzhak , Asaf Yehudai , Yotam Perlitz , Elron Bandel , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer , Leshem Choshen , Gabriel Stanovsky

Deep learning based knowledge tracing model has been shown to outperform traditional knowledge tracing model without the need for human-engineered features, yet its parameters and representations have long been criticized for not being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Chun-Kit Yeung

Item Response Theory (IRT) is widely applied in the human sciences to model persons' responses on a set of items measuring one or more latent constructs. While several R packages have been developed that implement IRT models, they tend to…

Computation · Statistics 2020-02-04 Paul-Christian Bürkner