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Ethereum smart contracts, which are autonomous decentralized applications on the blockchain that manage assets often exceeding millions of dollars, have become primary targets for cyberattacks. In 2023 alone, such vulnerabilities led to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Christoph Sendner , Lukas Petzi , Jasper Stang , Alexandra Dmitrienko

Quantum computation represents a threat to many cryptographic protocols in operation today. It has been estimated that by 2035, there will exist a quantum computer capable of breaking the vital cryptographic scheme RSA2048. Blockchain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-06 Joseph J. Kearney , Carlos A. Perez-Delgado

Blockchain technology has developed significantly over the last decade. One of the reasons for this is its sustainability architecture, which does not allow modification of the history of committed transactions. That means that developers…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Ivan Fedotov , Anton Khritankov

In many blockchains, e.g., Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain (BSC), the primary representation used for wallet addresses is a hardly memorable 40-digit hexadecimal string. As a result, users often select addresses from their recent transaction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Taro Tsuchiya , Jin-Dong Dong , Kyle Soska , Nicolas Christin

The blockchain technology has been used for recording state transitions of smart contracts - decentralized applications that can be invoked through external transactions. Smart contracts gained popularity and accrued hundreds of billions of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Nikolay Ivanov , Chenning Li , Qiben Yan , Zhiyuan Sun , Zhichao Cao , Xiapu Luo

Blockchain, also coined as decentralized AI, has the potential to empower AI to be more trustworthy by creating a decentralized trust of privacy, security, and audibility. However, systematic studies on the design principle of blockchain as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Luyao Sunshine Zhang

Since its inception, the blockchain technology has shown promising application prospects. From the initial cryptocurrency to the current smart contract, blockchain has been applied to many fields. Although there are some studies on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Xiaoqi Li , Peng Jiang , Ting Chen , Xiapu Luo , Qiaoyan Wen

Blockchain (BC) systems are highly distributed peer-to-peer networks that offer an alternative to centralized services and promise robustness to coordinated attacks. However, the resilience and overall security of a BC system rests heavily…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Aristodemos Paphitis , Nicolas Kourtellis , Michael Sirivianos

Smart contracts are software programs featuring both traditional applications and distributed data storage on blockchains. Ethereum is a prominent blockchain platform with the support of smart contracts. The smart contracts act as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Purathani Praitheeshan , Lei Pan , Jiangshan Yu , Joseph Liu , Robin Doss

Blockchain is a disruptive technology intended at implementing secure decentralized distributed systems, in which transactional data can be shared, stored and verified by participants of a system using cryptographic and consensus…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Sabreen Ahmadjee , Rami Bahsoon

The rise of blockchain technologies has given a boost to social good projects, which are trying to exploit various characteristic features of blockchains: the quick and inexpensive transfer of cryptocurrency, the transparency of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Massimo Bartoletti , Tiziana Cimoli , Livio Pompianu , Sergio Serusi

Blockchain technology has been gaining great interest from a variety of sectors, including healthcare, supply chain and cryptocurrencies. However, Blockchain suffers from its limited ability to scale (i.e. low throughput and high latency).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Abdelatif Hafid , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid , Adil Senhaji

As the Web3 ecosystem evolves toward a multi-chain architecture, cross-chain bridges have become critical infrastructure for enabling interoperability between diverse blockchain networks. However, while connecting isolated blockchains, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hanzhong Liang , Yue Duan , Xing Su , Xiao Li , Yating Liu , Yulong Tian , Fengyuan Xu , Sheng Zhong

This paper considers the use of novel technologies for mitigating attacks that aim at compromising intrusion detection systems (IDSs). Solutions based on collaborative intrusion detection networks (CIDNs) could increase the resilience…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Nicholas Kolokotronis , Sotirios Brotsis , Georgios Germanos , Costas Vassilakis , Stavros Shiaeles

This work assesses the impact of blockchain and smart contract on the visibility of construction supply chain and in the context of payments (intersection of cash and product flows). It uses comparative empirical experiments (Charrette Test…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Hesam Hamledari , Martin Fischer

Bitcoin's limited scripting capabilities and lack of native interoperability mechanisms have constrained its integration into the broader blockchain ecosystem, especially decentralized finance (DeFi) and multi-chain applications. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Guojun Tang , Carylyne Chan , Ning Nan , Spencer Yang , Jiayu Zhou , Henry Leung , Mohammad Mamun , Steve Drew

Blockchain technology has become almost as famous for incidents involving security breaches as for its innovative potential. We shed light on the prevalence and nature of these incidents through a database structured using the STIX format.…

Blockchains are distributed systems, in which security is a critical factor for their success. However, despite their increasing popularity and adoption, there is a lack of standardized models that study blockchain-related security threats.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Ivan Homoliak , Sarad Venugopalan , Qingze Hum , Daniel Reijsbergen , Richard Schumi , Pawel Szalachowski

Emerging blockchain and cryptocurrency-based technologies are redefining the way we conduct business in cyberspace. Today, a myriad of blockchain and cryptocurrency systems, applications, and technologies are widely available to companies,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Ege Tekiner , Abbas Acar , A. Selcuk Uluagac , Engin Kirda , Ali Aydin Selcuk

The emergence of quantum computing presents a formidable challenge to the security of blockchain systems. Traditional cryptographic algorithms, foundational to digital signatures, message encryption, and hashing functions, become vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Yaser Baseri , Abdelhakim Hafid , Yahya Shahsavari , Dimitrios Makrakis , Hassan Khodaiemehr