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We present an algorithm to build an automaton from a rational expression. This approach introduces support for extended weighted expressions. Inspired by derived-term based algorithms, its core relies on a different construct, rational…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-06 Akim Demaille

This is a book on weighted tree automata. We present the basic definitions and some of the important results in a coherent form with full proofs. The concept of weighted tree automata is part of Automata Theory and it touches the area of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Zoltán Fülöp , Heiko Vogler

While weighted automata provide a natural framework to express quantitative properties, many basic properties like average response time cannot be expressed with weighted automata. Nested weighted automata extend weighted automata and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-14 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Thomas A. Henzinger , Jan Otop

A new implementation of an adiabatically-trained ensemble model is derived that shows significant improvements over classical methods. In particular, empirical results of this new algorithm show that it offers not just higher performance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Salvatore Certo , Andrew Vlasic , Daniel Beaulieu

We introduce the class of P-finite automata. These are a generalisation of weighted automata, in which the weights of transitions can depend polynomially on the length of the input word. P-finite automata can also be viewed as simple…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Alex Buna-Marginean , Vincent Cheval , Mahsa Shirmohammadi , James Worrell

We propose a new automaton model, called quantified data automata over words, that can model quantified invariants over linear data structures, and build poly-time active learning algorithms for them, where the learner is allowed to query…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-02-12 Pranav Garg , Christof Loding , P. Madhusudan , Daniel Neider

Hybrid automata are a natural framework for modeling and analyzing systems which exhibit a mixed discrete continuous behaviour. However, the standard operational semantics defined over such models implicitly assume perfect knowledge of the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2013-08-27 Alberto Casagrande , Tommaso Dreossi , Carla Piazza

Weighted timed automata have been defined in the early 2000's for modelling resource-consumption or -allocation problems in real-time systems. Optimal reachability is decidable in weighted timed automata, and a symbolic forward algorithm…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-02-02 Patricia Bouyer , Maximilien Colange , Nicolas Markey

Predictive models that generalize well under distributional shift are often desirable and sometimes crucial to building robust and reliable machine learning applications. We focus on distributional shift that arises in causal inference from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-27 Fredrik D. Johansson , Nathan Kallus , Uri Shalit , David Sontag

Weighted timed automata (WTA) model quantitative aspects of real-time systems like continuous consumption of memory, power or financial resources. They accept quantitative timed languages where every timed word is mapped to a value, e.g., a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Manfred Droste , Vitaly Perevoshchikov

The bandwidth of a timed language characterizes the quantity of information per time unit (with a finite observation precision $\varepsilon$). Obese timed automata have an unbounded frequency of events and produce information at the maximal…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Eugene Asarin , Aldric Degorre , Catalin Dima , Bernardo Jacobo Inclán

Quantitative automata (QAs) extend finite-state automata on infinite words with weighted transitions to specify quantitative system properties. However, their finite weight sets rule out properties like average response time, where response…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Thomas A. Henzinger , Nicolas Mazzocchi , N. Ege Saraç , Harun Yılmaz

Specifying tasks for robotic systems traditionally requires coding expertise, deep domain knowledge, and significant time investment. While learning from demonstration offers a promising alternative, existing methods often struggle with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Mattijs Baert , Sam Leroux , Pieter Simoens

We propose automated techniques for the verification and control of probabilistic real-time systems that are only partially observable. To formally model such systems, we define an extension of probabilistic timed automata in which local…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-06-24 Gethin Norman , David Parker , Xueyi Zou

Sampled semantics of timed automata is a finite approximation of their dense time behavior. While the former is closer to the actual software or hardware systems with a fixed granularity of time, the abstract character of the latter makes…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Pavel Krcal , Parosh Aziz Abdulla , Wang Yi

Automata learning is a successful tool for many application domains such as robotics and automatic verification. Typically, automata learning techniques operate in a supervised learning setting (active or passive) where they learn a finite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Simon Lutz , Daniil Kaminskyi , Florian Wittbold , Simon Dierl , Falk Howar , Barbara König , Emmanuel Müller , Daniel Neider

Nondeterministic Discounted-Sum Automata (NDAs) are nondeterministic finite automata equipped with a discounting factor $\lambda>1$, and whose transitions are labelled by weights. The value of a run of an NDA is the discounted sum of the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Shaull Almagor , Neta Dafni

Weighted finite automata (WFA) are often used to represent probabilistic models, such as $n$-gram language models, since they are efficient for recognition tasks in time and space. The probabilistic source to be represented as a WFA,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Ananda Theertha Suresh , Brian Roark , Michael Riley , Vlad Schogol

The determinisation problem for min-plus (tropical) weighted automata was recently shown to be decidable. However, the proof is purely existential, relying on several non-constructive arguments. Our contribution in this work is twofold:…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Shaull Almagor , Guy Arbel , Sarai Sheinvald

In this paper, we first study the conversion of weighted two-way automata to one-way automata. We show that this conversion preserves the unambiguity but does not preserve the determinism. Yet, we prove that the conversion of an unambiguous…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-23 Vincent Carnino , Sylvain Lombardy