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Adapting to unforeseen novelties in open-world environments remains a major challenge for autonomous systems. While hybrid planning and reinforcement learning (RL) approaches show promise, they often suffer from sample inefficiency, slow…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Pierrick Lorang

Reliable assessment of safe landing sites in unstructured environments is essential for deploying Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in real-world applications such as delivery, inspection, and surveillance. Existing learning-based approaches…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Weixian Qian , Tianyi Yang , Sebastian Schroder , Yao Deng , Jiaohong Yao , Xiao Cheng , Richard Han , Xi Zheng

Neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence (NSAI) represents a transformative approach in artificial intelligence (AI) by combining deep learning's ability to handle large-scale and unstructured data with the structured reasoning of symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Oualid Bougzime , Samir Jabbar , Christophe Cruz , Frédéric Demoly

Solving symbolic reasoning problems that require compositionality and systematicity is considered one of the key ingredients of human intelligence. However, symbolic reasoning is still a great challenge for deep learning models, which often…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Flavio Petruzzellis , Alberto Testolin , Alessandro Sperduti

In this paper, we develop upon the emerging topic of loss function learning, which aims to learn loss functions that significantly improve the performance of the models trained under them. Specifically, we propose a new meta-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Christian Raymond , Qi Chen , Bing Xue , Mengjie Zhang

Imitation learning enables intelligent systems to acquire complex behaviors with minimal supervision. However, existing methods often focus on short-horizon skills, require large datasets, and struggle to solve long-horizon tasks or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Pierrick Lorang , Hong Lu , Johannes Huemer , Patrik Zips , Matthias Scheutz

Accurate parking availability prediction is critical for intelligent transportation systems, but real-world deployments often face data sparsity, noise, and unpredictable changes. Addressing these challenges requires models that are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Alireza Nezhadettehad , Arkady Zaslavsky , Abdur Rakib , Seng W. Loke

Neural sequence models trained with maximum likelihood estimation have led to breakthroughs in many tasks, where success is defined by the gap between training and test performance. However, their ability to achieve stronger forms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Sean Welleck , Peter West , Jize Cao , Yejin Choi

The neural network has become an integral part of modern software systems. However, they still suffer from various problems, in particular, vulnerability to adversarial attacks. In this work, we present a novel program reasoning framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Zi Wang , Somesh Jha , Krishnamurthy , Dvijotham

Contemporary neural networks still fall short of human-level generalization, which extends far beyond our direct experiences. In this paper, we argue that the underlying cause for this shortcoming is their inability to dynamically and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Klaus Greff , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Neurosymbolic systems promise to combine deep neural network's (DNN) processing of raw sensor inputs with few-shot performance of symbolic artificial intelligence. Two-stage approaches explicitly decouple DNN based perception from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Sparsh Tiwari , Bettina Finzel , Gesina Schwalbe

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in complex reasoning tasks but struggle with consistent rule application, exception handling, and explainability, particularly in domains like legal analysis that require both natural language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Albert Sadowski , Jarosław A. Chudziak

Despite rapid progress, current deep learning methods face a number of critical challenges. These include high energy consumption, catastrophic forgetting, dependance on global losses, and an inability to reason symbolically. By combining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Wilkie Olin-Ammentorp , Maxim Bazhenov

We propose that symbols are first and foremost external communication tools used between intelligent agents that allow knowledge to be transferred in a more efficient and effective manner than having to experience the world directly. But,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Daniel L. Silver , Tom M. Mitchell

We develop a theoretical framework that explains how discrete symbolic structures can emerge naturally from continuous neural network training dynamics. By lifting neural parameters to a measure space and modeling training as Wasserstein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Peihao Wang , Zhangyang Wang

Existing end-to-end autonomous driving models rely heavily on purely data-driven inductive reasoning. This "black-box" nature leads to a lack of interpretability and absolute safety guarantees in complex, long-tail scenarios. To overcome…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hongyan Wei , Wael AbdAlmageed

Given a natural language instruction and an input scene, our goal is to train a model to output a manipulation program that can be executed by the robot. Prior approaches for this task possess one of the following limitations: (i) rely on…

Recent advances in machine learning, particularly deep learning, have enabled autonomous systems to perceive and comprehend objects and their environments in a perceptual subsymbolic manner. These systems can now perform object detection,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Amr Gomaa , Michael Feld

Explainability is an essential reason limiting the application of neural networks in many vital fields. Although neuro-symbolic AI hopes to enhance the overall explainability by leveraging the transparency of symbolic learning, the results…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Xin Zhang , Victor S. Sheng

Adversarial vulnerability and lack of interpretability are critical limitations of deep neural networks, especially in safety-sensitive settings such as autonomous driving. We introduce \DesignII, a neuro-symbolic framework that integrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ali Shafiee Sarvestani , Jason Schmidt , Arman Roohi