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To represent the causal relationships between variables, a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is widely utilized in many areas, such as social sciences, epidemics, and genetics. Many causal structure learning approaches are developed to learn the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-14 Jianian Wang , Rui Song

Spatio-Temporal Graph (STG) forecasting is a fundamental task in many real-world applications. Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Networks have emerged as the most popular method for STG forecasting, but they often struggle with temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Yutong Xia , Yuxuan Liang , Haomin Wen , Xu Liu , Kun Wang , Zhengyang Zhou , Roger Zimmermann

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using machine learning techniques for the estimation of treatment effects. Most of the best-performing methods rely on representation learning strategies that encourage shared behavior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Roger Pros , Jordi Vitrià

Estimating counterfactual outcomes over time has the potential to unlock personalized healthcare by assisting decision-makers to answer ''what-iF'' questions. Existing causal inference approaches typically consider regular, discrete-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Nabeel Seedat , Fergus Imrie , Alexis Bellot , Zhaozhi Qian , Mihaela van der Schaar

Graph data is becoming increasingly prevalent due to the growing demand for relational insights in AI across various domains. Organizations regularly use graph data to solve complex problems involving relationships and connections. Causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Simi Job , Xiaohui Tao , Taotao Cai , Haoran Xie , Jianming Yong , Xin Wang

Causal inference is a critical task across fields such as healthcare, economics, and the social sciences. While recent advances in machine learning, especially those based on the deep-learning architectures, have shown potential in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-30 Manqing Liu , David R. Bellamy , Andrew L. Beam

Predicting counterfactual distributions in complex dynamical systems is essential for scientific modeling and decision-making in domains such as public health and medicine. However, existing methods often rely on point estimates or purely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Wenhao Mu , Zhi Cao , Mehmed Uludag , Alexander Rodríguez

Modeling neural population dynamics is crucial for foundational neuroscientific research and various clinical applications. Conventional latent variable methods typically model continuous brain dynamics through discretizing time with…

While dynamic graph neural networks have shown promise in various applications, explaining their predictions on continuous-time dynamic graphs (CTDGs) is difficult. This paper investigates a new research task: self-interpretable GNNs for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Lanting Fang , Yulian Yang , Kai Wang , Shanshan Feng , Kaiyu Feng , Jie Gui , Shuliang Wang , Yew-Soon Ong

Imitation learning, which learns agent policy by mimicking expert demonstration, has shown promising results in many applications such as medical treatment regimes and self-driving vehicles. However, it remains a difficult task to interpret…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Tianxiang Zhao , Wenchao Yu , Suhang Wang , Lu Wang , Xiang Zhang , Yuncong Chen , Yanchi Liu , Wei Cheng , Haifeng Chen

Revealing the continuous dynamics on the networks is essential for understanding, predicting, and even controlling complex systems, but it is hard to learn and model the continuous network dynamics because of complex and unknown governing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Bo Liang , Lin Wang , Xiaofan Wang

There is a recent surge in the development of spatio-temporal forecasting models in the transportation domain. Long-range traffic forecasting, however, remains a challenging task due to the intricate and extensive spatio-temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Zibo Liu , Parshin Shojaee , Chandan K Reddy

We present an innovative framework for traffic dynamics analysis using High-Order Evolving Graphs, designed to improve spatio-temporal representations in autonomous driving contexts. Our approach constructs temporal bidirectional bipartite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Aditya Humnabadkar , Arindam Sikdar , Benjamin Cave , Huaizhong Zhang , Paul Bakaki , Ardhendu Behera

Spatial-temporal forecasting has attracted tremendous attention in a wide range of applications, and traffic flow prediction is a canonical and typical example. The complex and long-range spatial-temporal correlations of traffic flow bring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Zheng Fang , Qingqing Long , Guojie Song , Kunqing Xie

Despite recent success in using the invariance principle for out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization on Euclidean data (e.g., images), studies on graph data are still limited. Different from images, the complex nature of graphs poses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Yongqiang Chen , Yonggang Zhang , Yatao Bian , Han Yang , Kaili Ma , Binghui Xie , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han , James Cheng

End-to-end learning of dynamical systems with black-box models, such as neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs), provides a flexible framework for learning dynamics from data without prescribing a mathematical model for the dynamics.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-20 Paidamoyo Chapfuwa , Sherri Rose , Lawrence Carin , Edward Meeds , Ricardo Henao

Modeling the dynamics of cellular differentiation is fundamental to advancing the understanding and treatment of diseases associated with this process, such as cancer. With the rapid growth of single-cell datasets, this has also become a…

Although dynamic graph neural networks (DyGNNs) have demonstrated promising capabilities, most existing methods ignore out-of-distribution (OOD) shifts that commonly exist in dynamic graphs. Dynamic graph OOD generalization is non-trivial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinxun Zhang , Pengfei Jiao , Mengzhou Gao , Tianpeng Li , Xuan Guo

Modern high-throughput biological datasets with thousands of perturbations provide the opportunity for large-scale discovery of causal graphs that represent the regulatory interactions between genes. Differentiable causal graphical models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zaikang Lin , Sei Chang , Aaron Zweig , Minseo Kang , Elham Azizi , David A. Knowles

Understanding the joint impact of vaccination and non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 development is important for making public health decisions that control the pandemic. Recently, we created a method in forecasting the daily…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-19 Xiunan Wang , Hao Wang , Pouria Ramazi , Kyeongah Nah , Mark Lewis