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Scenario-based approaches have been receiving a huge amount of attention in research and engineering of automated driving systems. Due to the complexity and uncertainty of the driving environment, and the complexity of the driving task…

The primary focus of autonomous driving research is to improve driving accuracy. While great progress has been made, state-of-the-art algorithms still fail at times. Such failures may have catastrophic consequences. It therefore is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-07 Simon Hecker , Dengxin Dai , Luc Van Gool

Do all adversarial examples have the same consequences? An autonomous driving system misclassifying a pedestrian as a car may induce a far more dangerous -- and even potentially lethal -- behavior than, for instance, a car as a bus. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Avery Ma , Aladin Virmaux , Kevin Scaman , Juwei Lu

In autonomous driving (AD), accurate perception is indispensable to achieving safe and secure driving. Due to its safety-criticality, the security of AD perception has been widely studied. Among different attacks on AD perception, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Ningfei Wang , Yunpeng Luo , Takami Sato , Kaidi Xu , Qi Alfred Chen

Trajectory prediction is a key element of autonomous vehicle systems, enabling them to anticipate and react to the movements of other road users. Evaluating the robustness of prediction models against adversarial attacks is essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Julian F. Schumann , Jeroen Hagenus , Frederik Baymler Mathiesen , Arkady Zgonnikov

Autonomous vehicles are highly complex systems, required to function reliably in a wide variety of situations. Manually crafting software controllers for these vehicles is difficult, but there has been some success in using deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Guy Katz , Clark Barrett , David L. Dill , Kyle Julian , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Autonomous systems require identifying the environment and it has a long way to go before putting it safely into practice. In autonomous driving systems, the detection of obstacles and traffic lights are of importance as well as lane…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Namig Aliyev , Oguzhan Sezer , Mehmet Turan Guzel

Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) requires identifying rare but critical failure cases that on-road testing alone cannot discover. High-fidelity simulations provide a scalable alternative, but automatically generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Amar Kulkarni , Shangtong Zhang , Madhur Behl

This research paper delves into the field of autonomous vehicle technology, examining the vulnerabilities inherent in each component of these transformative vehicles. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are revolutionizing transportation by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Ian Alexis Wong Paz , Anuvinda Balan , Sebastian Campos , Ehud Orenstain , Sudip Dhakal

Production machine learning systems are consistently under attack by adversarial actors. Various deep learning models must be capable of accurately detecting fake or adversarial input while maintaining speed. In this work, we propose one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Matthew Ciolino , Josh Kalin , David Noever

The complex functional structure of driverless vehicles induces a multitude of potential malfunctions. Established approaches for a systematic hazard identification generate individual potentially hazardous scenarios for each identified…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Robert Graubohm , Torben Stolte , Gerrit Bagschik , Markus Maurer

With the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the problem of AI security has gradually emerged. Most existing machine learning algorithms may be attacked by adversarial examples. An adversarial example is a slightly modified…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-19 Yingdi Wang , Wenjia Niu , Tong Chen , Yingxiao Xiang , Jingjing Liu , Gang Li , Jiqiang Liu

Trajectory prediction using deep neural networks (DNNs) is an essential component of autonomous driving (AD) systems. However, these methods are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, leading to serious consequences such as collisions. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yulong Cao , Danfei Xu , Xinshuo Weng , Zhuoqing Mao , Anima Anandkumar , Chaowei Xiao , Marco Pavone

Autonomous vehicle (AV) evaluation has been the subject of increased interest in recent years both in industry and in academia. This paper focuses on the development of a novel framework for generating adversarial driving behavior of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Zhen Liu , Hang Gao , Hao Ma , Shuo Cai , Yunfeng Hu , Ting Qu , Hong Chen , Xun Gong

Despite recent advances in autonomous driving systems, accidents such as the fatal Uber crash in 2018 show these systems are still susceptible to edge cases. Such systems must be thoroughly tested and validated before being deployed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Shreyas Ramakrishna , Baiting Luo , Christopher Kuhn , Gabor Karsai , Abhishek Dubey

The deep neural network (DNN) models for object detection using camera images are widely adopted in autonomous vehicles. However, DNN models are shown to be susceptible to adversarial image perturbations. In the existing methods of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Hyung-Jin Yoon , Hamidreza Jafarnejadsani , Petros Voulgaris

Adversarial attacks have only focused on changing the predictions of the classifier, but their danger greatly depends on how the class is mistaken. For example, when an automatic driving system mistakes a Persian cat for a Siamese cat, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Soichiro Kumano , Hiroshi Kera , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Ensuring and improving the safety of autonomous driving systems (ADS) is crucial for the deployment of highly automated vehicles, especially in safety-critical events. To address the rarity issue, adversarial scenario generation methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuewen Mei , Tong Nie , Jian Sun , Ye Tian

Given the promising future of autonomous vehicles, it is foreseeable that self-driving cars will soon emerge as the predominant mode of transportation. While autonomous vehicles offer enhanced efficiency, they remain vulnerable to external…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Saurav Silwal , Lu Gao , Ph. D. Yunpeng Zhang , Ph. D. Ahmed Senouci , Ph. D. Yi-Lung Mo , Ph. D. , P. E

Inspired by widely-used techniques of causal modelling in risk, failure, and accident analysis, this work discusses a compositional framework for risk modelling. Risk models capture fragments of the space of risky events likely to occur…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Mario Gleirscher