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1) Introduction and Conceptual Framework: This document explores the concept of information design by dividing it into two major practices: defining the meaning of a corpus of textual data and its visual or multimodal representation. It…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Peter Stockinger

Information Retrieval (IR) methods aim to identify documents relevant to a query, which have been widely applied in various natural language tasks. However, existing approaches typically consider only the textual content within documents,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Jaewoo Lee , Joonho Ko , Jinheon Baek , Soyeong Jeong , Sung Ju Hwang

We present UniBind, a flexible and efficient approach that learns a unified representation space for seven diverse modalities -- images, text, audio, point cloud, thermal, video, and event data. Existing works, eg., ImageBind, treat the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Xu Zheng , Jiazhou Zhou , Lin Wang

Humans commonly identify 3D object affordance through observed interactions in images or videos, and once formed, such knowledge can be generically generalized to novel objects. Inspired by this principle, we advocate for a novel framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Lei Yao , Yong Chen , Yuejiao Su , Yi Wang , Moyun Liu , Lap-Pui Chau

We propose a new and fully end-to-end approach for multimodal translation where the source text encoder modulates the entire visual input processing using conditional batch normalization, in order to compute the most informative image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Jean-Benoit Delbrouck , Stéphane Dupont

Multi-modal learning has shown exceptional performance in various tasks, especially in medical applications, where it integrates diverse medical information for comprehensive diagnostic evidence. However, there still are several challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Lin Fan , Yafei Ou , Cenyang Zheng , Pengyu Dai , Tamotsu Kamishima , Masayuki Ikebe , Kenji Suzuki , Xun Gong

Humans possess multimodal literacy, allowing them to actively integrate information from various modalities to form reasoning. Faced with challenges like lexical ambiguity in text, we supplement this with other modalities, such as thumbnail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jiwan Chung , Seungwon Lim , Jaehyun Jeon , Seungbeen Lee , Youngjae Yu

One of the big challenges in Linked Data consumption is to create visual and natural language interfaces to the data usable for non-technical users. Ontodia provides support for diagrammatic data exploration, showcased in this publication…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Gerhard Wohlgenannt , Nikolay Klimov , Dmitry Mouromtsev , Daniil Razdyakonov , Dmitry Pavlov , Yury Emelyanov

While the incipient internet was largely text-based, the modern digital world is becoming increasingly multi-modal. Here, we examine multi-modal classification where one modality is discrete, e.g. text, and the other is continuous, e.g.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-09 D. Kiela , E. Grave , A. Joulin , T. Mikolov

The attention mechanism is a core component of the Transformer architecture. Beyond improving performance, attention has been proposed as a mechanism for explainability via attention weights, which are associated with input features (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Andrés Carvallo , Denis Parra , Peter Brusilovsky , Hernan Valdivieso , Gabriel Rada , Ivania Donoso , Vladimir Araujo

Political activity on social media presents a data-rich window into political behavior, but the vast amount of data means that almost all content analyses of social media require a data labeling step. However, most automated machine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Patrick Y. Wu , Walter R. Mebane

As humans, we experience the world with all our senses or modalities (sound, sight, touch, smell, and taste). We use these modalities, particularly sight and touch, to convey and interpret specific meanings. Multimodal expressions are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Anirudh Sundar , Larry Heck

Multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA) is a fundamental complex research problem due to the heterogeneity gap between different modalities and the ambiguity of human emotional expression. Although there have been many successful attempts to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Jiahao Zheng , Sen Zhang , Xiaoping Wang , Zhigang Zeng

Annotations are a critical component of visualizations, helping viewers interpret the visual representation and highlighting critical data insights. Despite their significant role, we lack an understanding of how annotations can be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Rhys Sorenson-Graff , S. Sandra Bae , Jordan Wirfs-Brock

Although speech is a simple and effective way for humans to communicate with the outside world, a more realistic speech interaction contains multimodal information, e.g., vision, text. How to design a unified framework to integrate…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-22 Qiushi Zhu , Long Zhou , Ziqiang Zhang , Shujie Liu , Binxing Jiao , Jie Zhang , Lirong Dai , Daxin Jiang , Jinyu Li , Furu Wei

Technological advancement and its omnipresent connection have pushed humans past the boundaries and limitations of a computer screen, physical state, or geographical location. It has provided a depth of avenues that facilitate…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Dayo Samuel Banjo , Connice Trimmingham , Niloofar Yousefi , Nitin Agarwal

This work studies the representational mapping across multimodal data such that given a piece of the raw data in one modality the corresponding semantic description in terms of the raw data in another modality is immediately obtained. Such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-01 Zachary Seymour , Yingming Li , Zhongfei Zhang

Text is ubiquitous in our visual world, conveying crucial information, such as in documents, websites, and everyday photographs. In this work, we propose UReader, a first exploration of universal OCR-free visually-situated language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Jiabo Ye , Anwen Hu , Haiyang Xu , Qinghao Ye , Ming Yan , Guohai Xu , Chenliang Li , Junfeng Tian , Qi Qian , Ji Zhang , Qin Jin , Liang He , Xin Alex Lin , Fei Huang

Recent advances in the audio language modeling (ALM) domain tackle audio understanding and text-to-audio generation as separate tasks. Very few studies attempt to unify these tasks -- an essential step toward advanced multimodal reasoning.…

This paper presents improved native unified multimodal models, \emph{i.e.,} Show-o2, that leverage autoregressive modeling and flow matching. Built upon a 3D causal variational autoencoder space, unified visual representations are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jinheng Xie , Zhenheng Yang , Mike Zheng Shou