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Related papers: On the Counting Complexity of the Skolem Problem

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We contribute to a recent research program which aims at revisiting the study of the complexity of word problems, a major area of research in combinatorial algebra, through the lens of the theory of computably enumerable equivalence…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-05-22 Valentino Delle Rose , Luca San Mauro , Andrea Sorbi

We study the complexity of various fundamental counting problems that arise in the context of incomplete databases, i.e., relational databases that can contain unknown values in the form of labeled nulls. Specifically, we assume that the…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Marcelo Arenas , Pablo Barceló , Mikaël Monet

We show that Hilbert's Nullstellensatz, the problem of deciding if a system of multivariate polynomial equations has a solution in the algebraic closure of the underlying field, lies in the counting hierarchy. More generally, we show that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Robert Andrews , Abhibhav Garg , Éric Schost

The program Reverse Mathematics (RM for short) seeks to identify the axioms necessary to prove theorems of ordinary mathematics, usually working in the language of second-order arithmetic $L_{2}$. A major theme in RM is therefore the study…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Sam Sanders

In this paper, we address the Skolem problem for the $k$-generalized Pell sequence $(P_n^{(k)})_{n\geq2-k}$ extended to negative indices. We focus on identifying and bounding the indices $n<0$ for which $P_n^{(k)}=0.$ In particular, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Monalisa Mohapatra , Pritam Kumar Bhoi , Gopal Krishna Panda

We investigate the descriptive set-theoretic complexity of the solvability of a Borel family of linear equations over a finite field. Answering a question of Thornton, we show that this problem is already hard, namely $\Sigma^1_2$-complete.…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-01-13 Jan Grebík , Zoltán Vidnyánszky

A Skolem sequence is a sequence a_1,a_2,...,a_2n (where a_i \in A = {1,...,n }), each a_i occurs exactly twice in the sequence and the two occurrences are exactly a_i positions apart. A set A that can be used to construct Skolem sequences…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gustav Nordh

Zeckendorf's theorem states that every positive integer can be written uniquely as the sum of non-consecutive shifted Fibonacci numbers $\{F_n\}$, where we take $F_1=1$ and $F_2=2$. This has been generalized for any Positive Linear…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-05 Thomas C. Martinez , Steven J. Miller , Clayton Mizgerd , Chenyang Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved human-level proficiency across diverse tasks, but their ability to perform rigorous mathematical problem solving remains an open challenge. In this work, we investigate a fundamental yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Kechen Li , Wenqi Zhu , Coralia Cartis , Tianbo Ji , Shiwei Liu

Determining whether a program terminates is a central problem in computer science. Turing's Halting Problem established termination as undecidable, showing that no algorithm can universally determine termination for all programs and inputs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Oren Sultan , Jordi Armengol-Estape , Pascal Kesseli , Julien Vanegue , Dafna Shahaf , Yossi Adi , Peter O'Hearn

Theoretical complexity is a vital subfield of computer science that enables us to mathematically investigate computation and answer many interesting queries about the nature of computational problems. It provides theoretical tools to assess…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Mohamed Ghanem , Dauod Siniora

This work studies the average complexity of solving structured polynomial systems that are characterized by a low evaluation cost, as opposed to the dense random model previously used. Firstly, we design a continuation algorithm that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-12 Peter Bürgisser , Felipe Cucker , Pierre Lairez

Matrix Completion is the problem of recovering an unknown real-valued low-rank matrix from a subsample of its entries. Important recent results show that the problem can be solved efficiently under the assumption that the unknown matrix is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-04-11 Moritz Hardt , Raghu Meka , Prasad Raghavendra , Benjamin Weitz

For a prime $p$ and a positive integer $s$ consider a homogeneous linear system over the ring $\mathbb{Z}_{p^s}$ (the ring of integers modulo $p^s$) described by an $n \times m$-matrix. The possible number of solutions to such a system is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Marcus Nilsson

We investigate the complexity of LTL learning, which consists in deciding given a finite set of positive ultimately periodic words, a finite set of negative ultimately periodic words, and a bound B given in unary, if there is an LTL-formula…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Benjamin Bordais , Daniel Neider , Rajarshi Roy

The linear ordering problem (LOP), which consists in ordering M objects from their pairwise comparisons, is commonly applied in many areas of research. While efforts have been made to devise efficient LOP algorithms, verification of whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Leszek Szczecinski , Harsh Sukheja

We study the complexity of various fundamental counting problems that arise in the context of incomplete databases, i.e., relational databases that can contain unknown values in the form of labeled nulls. Specifically, we assume that the…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Marcelo Arenas , Pablo Barceló , Mikaël Monet

Termination analysis of linear loops plays a key r\^{o}le in several areas of computer science, including program verification and abstract interpretation. Already for the simplest variants of linear loops the question of termination…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Shaull Almagor , Dmitry Chistikov , Joël Ouaknine , James Worrell

In 2011, Aaronson gave a striking proof, based on quantum linear optics, showing that the problem of computing the permanent of a matrix is #P-hard. Aaronson's proof led naturally to hardness of approximation results for the permanent, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-01 Daniel Grier , Luke Schaeffer

'Skolem arithmetic' is the complete theory $T$ of the multiplicative monoid $(\mathbb{N},\cdot)$. We give a full characterization of the $\varnothing$-definable stably embedded sets of $T$, showing in particular that, up to the relation of…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-09-03 Atticus Stonestrom