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Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have achieved orders of magnitude improvement in terms of energy consumption and latency when performing inference with deep learning workloads. Error backpropagation is presently regarded as the most…

Digital memristive processing-in-memory overcomes the memory wall through a fundamental storage device capable of stateful logic within crossbar arrays. Dynamically dividing the crossbar arrays by adding memristive partitions further…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Orian Leitersdorf , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

With the rapid growth of deep neural networks (DNNs), compute-in-memory (CIM) has emerged as a promising energy-efficient paradigm for accelerating multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operations. Yet, current CIM architectures are largely limited…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Subhradip Chakraborty , Ankur Singh , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal

The expansion of long-context Large Language Models (LLMs) creates significant memory system challenges. While Processing-in-Memory (PIM) is a promising accelerator, we identify that it suffers from critical inefficiencies when scaled to…

In embedded vision systems, parallel computation of the integral image presents several design challenges in terms of hardware resources, speed and power consumption. Although recursive equations significantly reduce the number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Shoaib Ehsan , Adrian F. Clark , Wah M. Cheung , Arjunsingh M. Bais , Bayar I. Menzat , Nadia Kanwal , Klaus D. McDonald-Maier

Intelligence Processing Units (IPU) have proven useful for many AI applications. In this paper, we evaluate them within the emerging field of \emph{AI for simulation}, where traditional numerical simulations are supported by artificial…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-04 P. Rosciszewski , A. Krzywaniak , S. Iserte , K. Rojek , P. Gepner

Processing-in-memory (PIM), an increasingly studied neuromorphic hardware, promises orders of energy and throughput improvements for deep learning inference. Leveraging the massively parallel and efficient analog computing inside memories,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Qing Jin , Zhiyu Chen , Jian Ren , Yanyu Li , Yanzhi Wang , Kaiyuan Yang

Recent years have seen a paradigm shift towards multi-task learning. This calls for memory and energy-efficient solutions for inference in a multi-task scenario. We propose an algorithm-hardware co-design approach called MIME. MIME reuses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Yeshwanth Venkatesha , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

Computing-in-Memory (CIM) architectures have emerged as a promising solution for accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) by mitigating data movement bottlenecks. However, realizing the potential of CIM requires specialized dataflow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Xiaolin He , Cenlin Duan , Yingjie Qi , Xiao Ma , Jianlei Yang

Several manufacturers have already started to commercialize near-bank Processing-In-Memory (PIM) architectures. Near-bank PIM architectures place simple cores close to DRAM banks and can yield significant performance and energy improvements…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Christina Giannoula , Ivan Fernandez , Juan Gómez-Luna , Nectarios Koziris , Georgios Goumas , Onur Mutlu

Bloom filters are a fundamental data structure for approximate membership queries, with applications ranging from data analytics to databases and genomics. Several variants have been proposed to accommodate parallel architectures. GPUs,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Daniel Jünger , Kevin Kristensen , Yunsong Wang , Xiangyao Yu , Bertil Schmidt

The memory controller is in charge of managing DRAM maintenance operations (e.g., refresh, RowHammer protection, memory scrubbing) to reliably operate modern DRAM chips. Implementing new maintenance operations often necessitates…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Hasan Hassan , Ataberk Olgun , A. Giray Yaglikci , Haocong Luo , Onur Mutlu

Modern out-of-order processors have increased capacity to exploit instruction level parallelism (ILP) and memory level parallelism (MLP), e.g., by using wide superscalar pipelines and vector execution units, as well as deep buffers for…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-07-05 Vladimir Kiriansky , Haoran Xu , Martin Rinard , Saman Amarasinghe

Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures aim to reduce costly data transfers by performing arithmetic and logic operations in memory and hence relieve the pressure due to the memory wall. However, determining whether a given workload can…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Di Gao , Dayane Reis , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Cheng Zhuo

3D point cloud neural networks have significantly enhanced the perceptual capabilities of resource-limited mobile intelligent systems. However, despite the transformative impact, the point cloud algorithm suffers from substantial memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Dengfeng Wang , Shunqin Cai , Yanan Sun

We introduce IMPACT, a set of high-throughput main memory-based timing attacks that leverage characteristics of processing-in-memory (PiM) architectures to establish covert and side channels. IMPACT enables high-throughput communication and…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge retrieval but faces challenges on edge devices due to high storage, energy, and latency demands. Computing-in-Memory (CIM) offers a…

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) leverage massive parallelism and large memory bandwidth to support high-performance computing applications, such as multimedia rendering, crypto-mining, deep learning, and natural language processing. These…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Nurlan Nazaraliyev , Elaheh Sadredini , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Collaborative machine learning (CML) techniques, such as federated learning, have been proposed to train deep learning models across multiple mobile devices and a server. CML techniques are privacy-preserving as a local model that is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Zihan Zhang , Philip Rodgers , Peter Kilpatrick , Ivor Spence , Blesson Varghese

Computing with high-dimensional (HD) vectors, also referred to as $\textit{hypervectors}$, is a brain-inspired alternative to computing with scalars. Key properties of HD computing include a well-defined set of arithmetic operations on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-25 Fabio Montagna , Abbas Rahimi , Simone Benatti , Davide Rossi , Luca Benini