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We introduce a generalization of the notion of operad that we call a contractad, whose set of operations is indexed by connected graphs and whose composition rules are numbered by contractions of connected subgraphs. We show that many…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-07-24 Denis Lyskov

Our purpose is to determine the complete set of mutually orthogonal squares of order $d$, which are not necessary Latin. In this article, we introduce the concept of supersquare of order $d$, which is defined with the help of its generating…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-01-06 Cristian Ghiu , Iulia Ghiu

We extend the bar-cobar adjunction to operads and properads, not necessarily augmented. Due to the default of augmentation, the objects of the dual category are endowed with a curvature. We handle the lack of augmentation by extending the…

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Joseph Hirsh , Joan Millès

We extend Thomason's homotopy colimit construction in the category of permutative categories to categories of algebras over an arbitrary $\Cat$ operad and analyze its properties. We then use this homotopy colimit to prove that the…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2013-07-31 Zbigniew Fiedorowicz , Manfred Stelzer , Rainer M. Vogt

We give a definition of weak n-categories based on the theory of operads. We work with operads having an arbitrary set S of types, or `S-operads', and given such an operad O, we denote its set of operations by elt(O). Then for any S-operad…

q-alg · Mathematics 2008-02-03 John C. Baez , James Dolan

Over suitable monoidal model categories, we construct a Dwyer-Kan model category structure on the category of algebras over an augmented operadic collection. As examples we obtain Dwyer-Kan model category structure on the categories of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2016-12-12 Donald Yau

In this paper, we introduce the definition of free product of operads, following the definition of a free product of algebras. There is a given method of finding the basis and dimension of the free product of operads. By anti-commutative…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-11-06 Bauyrzhan Sartayev

Motivated by (perturbative) quantum observables in Lorentzian signature we define a new operad: the operad of causally disjoint disks. In order to describe this operad we use the orthogonal categories of Benini, Schenkel, and Woike and the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Ryan Grady

We present a definition of homotopy algebra for an operad, and explore its consequences. The paper should be accessible to topologists, category theorists, and anyone acquainted with operads. After a review of operads and monoidal…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tom Leinster

Usually a name of the category is inherited from the name of objects. However more relevant for a category of objects and morphisms is an algebra of morphisms. Therefore we prefer to say a category of graphs if every morphism is a graph. In…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-03-29 Maria Ernestina Chavez Rodriguez , Zbigniew Oziewicz

We describe a Grothendieck construction for non-symmetric operads with values in categories, and hence in groupoids and posets. The construction produces a 2-category which is operadically fibered over the category D of finite non-empty…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Dominik Trnka

An elliptic theory is constructed for operators acting in subspaces defined via odd pseudodifferential projections. Subspaces of this type arise as Calderon subspaces for first order elliptic differential operators on manifolds with…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-26 A. Yu. Savin , B. Yu. Sternin

In this paper we show that if X is an infinite compactum cleavable over an ordinal, then X must be homeomorphic to an ordinal. X must also therefore be a LOTS. This answers two fundamental questions in the area of cleavability. We also…

General Topology · Mathematics 2012-03-29 Shari S. Levine

We present a Markl-style definition of operads colored by a small category. In the presence of a unit these are equivalent to substitudes of Day and Street. We show that operads colored by a category are internal algebras of a certain…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Dominik Trnka

Operads were originally defined as V-operads, that is, enriched in a symmetric or braided monoidal category V. The symmetry or braiding in V is required in order to describe the associativity axiom the operads must obey, as well as the…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Forcey , J. Siehler , E. Seth Sowers

Hurwitz spaces are homotopy quotients of the braid group action on the moduli space of principal bundles over a punctured plane. By considering a certain model for this homotopy quotient we build an aspherical topological operad that we…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Lukas Müller , Lukas Woike

In this paper we describe operads encoding two different kinds of compatibility of algebraic structures. We show that there exist decompositions of these in terms of black and white products and we prove that they are Koszul for a large…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2008-09-24 Henrik Strohmayer

A new generalisation of the notion of space, called "vectoid", is suggested in this work. Basic definitions, examples and properties are presented, as well as a construction of direct product of vectoids. Proofs of more complicated…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2011-05-17 Nikolai Durov

In this paper, using the existence of infinite equidistant subsets of closed balls, we characterize the injectivity of ultrametric spaces for finite ultrametric spaces, which also gives a characterization of the Urysohn universal…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-09-19 Yoshito Ishiki

We compute some numerical invariants of the lines on hyperplane sections of a smooth cubic threefold over complex numbers. We also prove that for any smooth hypersurface $X\subset \mathbb P^{n+1}$ of degree $d$ over an algebraically closed…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-07-08 Yiran Cheng
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