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The history of computer science and brain sciences are intertwined. In his unfinished manuscript "The Computer and the Brain," von Neumann debates whether or not the brain can be thought of as a computing machine and identifies some of the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Polina Golland , Jack Gallant , Greg Hager , Hanspeter Pfister , Christos Papadimitriou , Stefan Schaal , Joshua T. Vogelstein

Cognitive Science has profoundly shaped disciplines such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Philosophy, Psychology, Neuroscience, Linguistics, and Culture. Many breakthroughs in AI trace their roots to cognitive theories, while AI itself has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Rui Mao , Qian Liu , Xiao Li , Erik Cambria , Amir Hussain

With the rise of AI systems in real-world applications comes the need for reliable and trustworthy AI. An essential aspect of this are explainable AI systems. However, there is no agreed standard on how explainable AI systems should be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Sascha Saralajew , Ammar Shaker , Zhao Xu , Kiril Gashteovski , Bhushan Kotnis , Wiem Ben Rim , Jürgen Quittek , Carolin Lawrence

Sequence learning is an essential aspect of intelligence. In Artificial Intelligence, sequence prediction task is usually used to test a sequence learning model. In this paper, a model of sequence learning, which is interpretable through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Bowen Xu

Whether artificial intelligence (AI) systems can possess consciousness is a contentious question because of the inherent challenges of defining and operationalizing subjective experience. This paper proposes a framework to reframe the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Robert Prentner

Over the past decade, AI has made a remarkable progress due to recently revived Deep Learning technology. Deep Learning enables to process large amounts of data using simplified neuron networks that simulate the way in which the brain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-05-26 Emanuel Diamant

The field of machine learning has focused, primarily, on discretized sub-problems (i.e. vision, speech, natural language) of intelligence. While neuroscience tends to be observation heavy, providing few guiding theories. It is unlikely that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Jordan Ott

Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have made impressive progress in recent years but remain only loosely interconnected. Based on a workshop convened by the National Science Foundation in August 2025, we identify three…

Amidst the race to create more intelligent machines there is a risk that we will rely on AI in ways that reduce our own agency as humans. To reduce this risk, we could aim to create tools that prioritize and enhance the human role in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Sean Koon

Recent research in artificial intelligence and machine learning has largely emphasized general-purpose learning and ever-larger training sets and more and more compute. In contrast, I propose a hybrid, knowledge-driven, reasoning-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Gary Marcus

Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have permeated through an array of different immersive environments, including virtual, augmented, and mixed realities. AI brings a wealth of potential that centers on its ability to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Wangfan Li , Rohit Mallick , Carlos Toxtli-Hernandez , Christopher Flathmann , Nathan J. McNeese

We may soon develop highly human-like AIs that appear-or perhaps even are-sentient, capable of subjective experiences such as happiness and suffering. Regardless of whether AI can achieve true sentience, it is crucial to anticipate and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Lucius Caviola

Artificial Intelligence began as a field probing some of the most fundamental questions of science - the nature of intelligence and the design of intelligent artifacts. But it has grown into a discipline that is deeply entwined with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-07-29 Piyush Ahuja

The encounter of artificial intelligence with consciousness research is often framed as a challenge: could this science determine whether such systems are conscious? We suggest it is equally an opportunity to expand and test the scope of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-16 Shahar Dror , Dafna Bergerbest , Moti Salti

This perspective analyzes the intricate interplay among neuroscience, Brain-Inspired Intelligence (BII), and Brain-Inspired Navigation (BIN), revealing a current lack of cooperative relationship between Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xu He , Xiaolin Meng , Youdong Zhang , Lingfei Mo , Wenxuan Yin

This research paper examines, from a multidimensional perspective (cognitive, social, ethical, and philosophical), how AI is transforming human thought. It highlights a cognitive offloading effect: the externalization of mental functions to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Rénald Gesnot

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have reopened the question about the boundaries of AI autonomy, particularly in discussions around artificial general intelligence and its potential to act independently across varied purposes.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Vincenzo Calderonio

Consciousness and intelligence are properties commonly understood as dependent by folk psychology and society in general. The term artificial intelligence and the kind of problems that it managed to solve in the recent years has been shown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Eduardo C. Garrido Merchán , Sara Lumbreras

In AI-assisted decision-making, humans often passively review AI's suggestion and decide whether to accept or reject it as a whole. In such a paradigm, humans are found to rarely trigger analytical thinking and face difficulties in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Shuai Ma , Qiaoyi Chen , Xinru Wang , Chengbo Zheng , Zhenhui Peng , Ming Yin , Xiaojuan Ma

Dreams of machines rivaling human intelligence have shaped the field of AI since its inception. Yet, the very meaning of human-level AI or artificial general intelligence (AGI) remains elusive and contested. Definitions of AGI embrace a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Borhane Blili-Hamelin , Leif Hancox-Li , Andrew Smart