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One of the ambitions of artificial intelligence is to root artificial intelligence deeply in basic science while developing brain-inspired artificial intelligence platforms that will promote new scientific discoveries. The challenges are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Jingan Yang , Yang Peng

Developments in machine learning and computing power suggest that artificial general intelligence is within reach. This raises the question of artificial consciousness: if a computer were to be functionally equivalent to a human, being able…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Graham Findlay , William Marshall , Larissa Albantakis , Isaac David , William GP Mayner , Christof Koch , Giulio Tononi

We envision the concept of Thoughtful AI, a new human-AI interaction paradigm in which the AI behaves as a continuously thinking entity. Unlike conventional AI systems that operate on a turn-based, input-output model, Thoughtful AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Xingyu Bruce Liu , Haijun Xia , Xiang Anthony Chen

This paper proposes a research direction to advance AI which draws inspiration from cognitive theories of human decision making. The premise is that if we gain insights about the causes of some human capabilities that are still lacking in…

Ever since the creation of the first artificial intelligence (AI) machinery built on machine learning (ML), public society has entertained the idea that eventually computers could become sentient and develop a consciousness of their own. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Yoshija Walter , Lukas Zbinden

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), widely regarded as the fundamental goal of artificial intelligence, represents the realization of cognitive capabilities that enable the handling of general tasks with human-like proficiency.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Bo Yu , Jiangning Wei , Minzhen Hu , Zejie Han , Tianjian Zou , Ye He , Jun Liu

Could artificial intelligence ever become truly conscious in a functional sense; this paper explores that open-ended question through the lens of Life, a concept unifying classical biological criteria (Oxford, NASA, Koshland) with empirical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Azadeh Alavi , Hossein Akhoundi , Fatemeh Kouchmeshki

The symbolism, connectionism and behaviorism approaches of artificial intelligence have achieved a lot of successes in various tasks, while we still do not have a clear definition of "intelligence" with enough consensus in the community…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Yutao Yue

Autonomous AI is no longer a hard-to-reach concept, it enables the agents to move beyond executing tasks to independently addressing complex problems, adapting to change while handling the uncertainty of the environment. However, what makes…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-12 Zinan Liu , Haoran Li , Jingyi Lu , Gaoyuan Ma , Xu Hong , Giovanni Iacca , Arvind Kumar , Shaojun Tang , Lin Wang

Determining whether another system, biological or artificial, possesses phenomenal consciousness has long been a central challenge in consciousness studies. This attribution problem has become especially pressing with the rise of large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Fangfang Li , Xiaojie Zhang

Machine common sense remains a broad, potentially unbounded problem in artificial intelligence (AI). There is a wide range of strategies that can be employed to make progress on this challenge. This article deals with the aspects of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Alexander Gavrilenko , Katerina Morozova

In the last year or so and going back many decades there has been extensive claims by major computational scientists, engineers, and others that AGI, artificial general intelligence, is five or ten years away, but without a scintilla of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jay Seitz

The Turing Test is no longer adequate for distinguishing human and machine intelligence. With advanced artificial intelligence systems already passing the original Turing Test and contributing to serious ethical and environmental concerns,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Adam Winchell

In 1950, Alan Turing proposed replacing the question "Can machines think?" with a behavioral test: if a machine's outputs are indistinguishable from those of a thinking being, the question of whether it truly thinks can be set aside. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Amir Konigsberg

Existing approaches to Theory of Mind (ToM) in Artificial Intelligence (AI) overemphasize prompted, or cue-based, ToM, which may limit our collective ability to develop Artificial Social Intelligence (ASI). Drawing from research in computer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Nikolos Gurney , David V. Pynadath , Volkan Ustun

Over the past decade, AI has made a remarkable progress. It is agreed that this is due to the recently revived Deep Learning technology. Deep Learning enables to process large amounts of data using simplified neuron networks that simulate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-19 Emanuel Diamant

We look at consciousness through the lens of Theoretical Computer Science, a branch of mathematics that studies computation under resource limitations, distinguishing functions that are efficiently computable from those that are not. From…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Lenore Blum , Manuel Blum

Human intelligence, the most evident and accessible form of source of reasoning, hosted by biological hardware, has evolved and been refined over thousands of years, positioning itself today to create new artificial forms and preparing to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Suayb S. Arslan

Human beings are considered as the most intelligent species on Earth. The ability to think, to create, to innovate, are the key elements which make humans superior over other existing species on Earth. Machines lack all those elements,…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Ravin Kumar

The current paper offers a perspective on what we term conceptive intelligence - the capacity of an agent to continuously think of new object definitions (tasks, problems, physical systems, etc.) and to look for methods to realize them. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-04-03 Akin Osman Kazakci