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We present OLMo 2, the next generation of our fully open language models. OLMo 2 includes a family of dense autoregressive language models at 7B, 13B and 32B scales with fully released artifacts -- model weights, full training data,…

Deep learning transformers have drastically improved systems that automatically answer questions in natural language. However, different questions demand different answering techniques; here we propose, build and validate an architecture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Marcos Menon José , Marcelo Archanjo José , Denis Deratani Mauá , Fábio Gagliardi Cozman

The Spanish language is one of the top 5 spoken languages in the world. Nevertheless, finding resources to train or evaluate Spanish language models is not an easy task. In this paper we help bridge this gap by presenting a BERT-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 José Cañete , Gabriel Chaperon , Rodrigo Fuentes , Jou-Hui Ho , Hojin Kang , Jorge Pérez

ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is a chatbot launched by OpenAI on November 30, 2022. OpenAI's GPT-3 family of large language models serve as the foundation for ChatGPT. ChatGPT is fine-tuned with both supervised and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Giriprasad Sridhara , Ranjani H. G. , Sourav Mazumdar

Artificial intelligence is making spectacular progress, and one of the best examples is the development of large language models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's GPT series. In these lectures, written for readers with a background in mathematics or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Michael R. Douglas

This paper introduces CodeGemma, a collection of specialized open code models built on top of Gemma, capable of a variety of code and natural language generation tasks. We release three model variants. CodeGemma 7B pretrained (PT) and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks through in-context learning but often under-perform in Named Entity Recognition (NER), especially for lower-resource languages like Portuguese. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 João Lucas Luz Lima Sarcinelli , Diego Furtado Silva

The lack of a commonly used benchmark data set (collection) such as (Super-)GLUE (Wang et al., 2018, 2019) for the evaluation of non-English pre-trained language models is a severe shortcoming of current English-centric NLP-research. It…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-06 M. Aßenmacher , A. Corvonato , C. Heumann

The quota system in Brazil made it possible to include blind students in higher education. Teachers' lack of knowledge about the braille system can represent a barrier between them and students who use it for writing and reading.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-09 André Roberto Ortoncelli , Marlon Marcon , Franciele Beal

We present DiffusionBERT, a new generative masked language model based on discrete diffusion models. Diffusion models and many pre-trained language models have a shared training objective, i.e., denoising, making it possible to combine the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Zhengfu He , Tianxiang Sun , Kuanning Wang , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

This paper describes a language representation model which combines the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) learning mechanism described in Devlin et al. (2018) with a generalization of the Universal Transformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Alon Rozental , Zohar Kelrich , Daniel Fleischer

While large language models (LLMs) show transformative potential in healthcare, their development remains focused on high-resource languages. This creates a critical barrier for other languages, as simple translation fails to capture unique…

Audio captioning aims at using natural language to describe the content of an audio clip. Existing audio captioning systems are generally based on an encoder-decoder architecture, in which acoustic information is extracted by an audio…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-29 Xubo Liu , Xinhao Mei , Qiushi Huang , Jianyuan Sun , Jinzheng Zhao , Haohe Liu , Mark D. Plumbley , Volkan Kılıç , Wenwu Wang

Artificial intelligence (AI) researchers have been developing and refining large language models (LLMs) that exhibit remarkable capabilities across a variety of domains and tasks, challenging our understanding of learning and cognition. The…

Attention-based encoder-decoder, e.g. transformer and its variants, generates the output sequence in an autoregressive (AR) manner. Despite its superior performance, AR model is computationally inefficient as its generation requires as many…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-27 Keyu An , Zerui Li , Zhifu Gao , Shiliang Zhang

The move toward Sixth-Generation (6G) networks relies on open interfaces and protocols for seamless interoperability across devices, vendors, and technologies. In this context, open 6G development involves multiple disciplines and requires…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Farhad Rezazadeh , Amir Ashtari Gargari , Sandra Lagén , Josep Mangues , Dusit Niyato , Lingjia Liu

Large language models, which are often trained for hundreds of thousands of compute days, have shown remarkable capabilities for zero- and few-shot learning. Given their computational cost, these models are difficult to replicate without…

While neural, encoder-decoder models have had significant empirical success in text generation, there remain several unaddressed problems with this style of generation. Encoder-decoder models are largely (a) uninterpretable, and (b)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Sam Wiseman , Stuart M. Shieber , Alexander M. Rush

The computational generation of poems is a complex task, which involves several sound, prosodic and rhythmic resources. In this work we present PROPOE 2, with the extension of structural and rhythmic possibilities compared to the original…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Felipe José D. Sousa , Sarah P. Cerqueira , João Queiroz , Angelo Loula

The application of contemporary artificial intelligence techniques to address geometric problems and automated deductive proof has always been a grand challenge to the interdiscipline field of mathematics and artificial Intelligence. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Yiming He , Jia Zou , Xiaokai Zhang , Na Zhu , Tuo Leng