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A broad class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms known as "variational algorithms" have been proposed in the context of quantum simulation, machine learning, and combinatorial optimization as a means of potentially achieving a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-09 Aram Harrow , John Napp

We propose using variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to simulate established quantum algorithms under realistic noise conditions, aiming to surpass the fidelity of theoretical circuits in noisy environments. Focusing on the Quantum…

Variational quantum circuits are used in quantum machine learning and variational quantum simulation tasks. Designing good variational circuits or predicting how well they perform for given learning or optimization tasks is still unclear.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-18 Junyu Liu , Francesco Tacchino , Jennifer R. Glick , Liang Jiang , Antonio Mezzacapo

This tutorial offers a quick, hands-on introduction to solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) models on currently available quantum computers and their simulators. We cover both IBM and D-Wave machines: IBM utilizes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Arul Mazumder , Sridhar Tayur

We present a quantum variational algorithm based on a novel circuit that generates all permutations that can be spanned by one- and two-qubits permutation gates. The construction of the circuits follows from group-theoretical results, most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Dylan Laplace Mermoud , Andrea Simonetto , Sourour Elloumi

Quantum computing promises exponential improvements in solving large systems of partial differential equations (PDE), which forms a bottleneck in high-resolution computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, in, among others, aerospace…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Vladyslav Bohun , Andrij Kuzmak , Maciej Koch-Janusz

Classical optimization is a cornerstone of the success of variational quantum algorithms, which often require determining the derivatives of the cost function relative to variational parameters. The computation of the cost function and its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Muhammad Umer , Eleftherios Mastorakis , Dimitris G. Angelakis

Variational quantum algorithms are tailored to perform within the constraints of current quantum devices, yet they are limited by performance-degrading errors. In this study, we consider a noise model that reflects realistic gate errors…

In this work, we present a case study in implementing a variational quantum algorithm for solving the Poisson equation, which is a commonly encountered partial differential equation in science and engineering. We highlight the practical…

Quantum simulation can help us study poorly understood topics such as high-temperature superconductivity and drug design. However, existing quantum simulation algorithms for current quantum computers often have drawbacks that impede their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-28 Kishor Bharti , Tobias Haug

Evaluating the entanglement spectrum is essential for characterizing exotic quantum phases such as quantum criticality and topological order. However, for large quantum many-body systems, this task is hindered by the exponential measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Shohei Miyakoshi , Takanori Sugimoto , Tomonori Shirakawa , Seiji Yunoki , Hiroshi Ueda

We present a method to solve initial and boundary value problems using artificial neural networks. A trial solution of the differential equation is written as a sum of two parts. The first part satisfies the boundary (or initial) conditions…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-11-15 I. E. Lagaris , A. Likas , D. I. Fotiadis

This paper investigates the experimental performance of a discrete portfolio optimization problem relevant to the financial services industry on the gate-model of quantum computing. We implement and evaluate a portfolio rebalancing use case…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 Mark Hodson , Brendan Ruck , Hugh Ong , David Garvin , Stefan Dulman

We explore how the fundamental problems in quantum molecular dynamics can be modelled using classical simulators (emulators) of quantum computers and the actual quantum hardware available to us today. The list of problems we tackle includes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Tamila Kuanysheva , Brian Kendrick , Lukasz Cincio , Dmitri Babikov

Solving combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum devices has gained a lot of attraction in recent years. Currently, most works have focused on single-objective problems, whereas many real-world applications need to consider…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Linus Ekstrom , Hao Wang , Sebastian Schmitt

Solving optimization problems using variational algorithms stands out as a crucial application for noisy intermediate-scale devices. Instead of constructing gate-based quantum computers, our focus centers on designing variational quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Yapeng Wang , Yongcheng Ding , Francisco Andrés Cárdenas-López , Xi Chen

The variational quantum eigensolver is one of the most promising algorithms for near-term quantum computers. It has the potential to solve quantum chemistry problems involving strongly correlated electrons, which are otherwise difficult to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-18 Luogen Xu , James K. Freericks

Recently J. M. Arrazola et al. [Phys. Rev. A 100, 032306 (2019)] proposed a quantum algorithm for solving nonhomogeneous linear partial differential equations of the form $A\psi(\textbf{r})=f(\textbf{r})$. Its nonhomogeneous solution is…

The inherent noise and complexity of quantum communication networks leads to challenges in designing quantum network protocols using classical methods. To address this issue, we develop a variational quantum optimization framework that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Brian Doolittle , Tom Bromley , Nathan Killoran , Eric Chitambar

We introduce a variational hybrid classical-quantum algorithm to simulate the Lindblad master equation and its adjoint for time-evolving Markovian open quantum systems and quantum observables. Our method is based on a direct representation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-19 Tasneem Watad , Netanel H. Lindner