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In medical imaging, unsupervised out-of-distribution (OOD) detection offers an attractive approach for identifying pathological cases with extremely low incidence rates. In contrast to supervised methods, OOD-based approaches function…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Lemar Abdi , Francisco Caetano , Amaan Valiuddin , Christiaan Viviers , Hamdi Joudeh , Fons van der Sommen

This paper aims to address the unsupervised video anomaly detection (VAD) problem, which involves classifying each frame in a video as normal or abnormal, without any access to labels. To accomplish this, the proposed method employs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Anil Osman Tur , Nicola Dall'Asen , Cigdem Beyan , Elisa Ricci

Recently anomaly detection (AD) has become an important application for target detection in hyperspectral remotely sensed images. In many applications, in addition to high accuracy of detection we need a fast and reliable algorithm as well.…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-01-11 Mohsen Zare Baghbidi , Kamal Jamshidi , Ahmad Reza Naghsh Nilchi , Saeid Homayouni

Facial action unit (AU) detection remains a challenging task, due to the subtlety, dynamics, and diversity of AUs. Recently, the prevailing techniques of self-attention and causal inference have been introduced to AU detection. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Zhiwen Shao , Hancheng Zhu , Yong Zhou , Xiang Xiang , Bing Liu , Rui Yao , Lizhuang Ma

Discrete diffusion models have recently shown great promise for modeling complex discrete data, with masked diffusion models (MDMs) offering a compelling trade-off between quality and generation speed. MDMs denoise by progressively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Tianyu Xie , Shuchen Xue , Zijin Feng , Tianyang Hu , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li , Cheng Zhang

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) learns one-class classifiers exclusively with normal (i.e., healthy) images to detect any abnormal (i.e., unhealthy) samples that do not conform to the expected normal patterns. UAD has two main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Yu Tian , Guansong Pang , Fengbei Liu , Yuanhong chen , Seon Ho Shin , Johan W. Verjans , Rajvinder Singh , Gustavo Carneiro

One pivot challenge for image anomaly (AD) detection is to learn discriminative information only from normal class training images. Most image reconstruction based AD methods rely on the discriminative capability of reconstruction error.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Dongyun Lin , Yiqun Li , Shudong Xie , Tin Lay Nwe , Sheng Dong

Subsampling is commonly used to mitigate costs associated with data acquisition, such as time or energy requirements, motivating the development of algorithms for estimating the fully-sampled signal of interest $x$ from partially observed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Oisin Nolan , Tristan S. W. Stevens , Wessel L. van Nierop , Ruud J. G. van Sloun

Unsupervised out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to identify out-of-domain data by learning only from unlabeled In-Distribution (ID) training samples, which is crucial for developing a safe real-world machine learning system. Current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ying Yang , De Cheng , Chaowei Fang , Yubiao Wang , Changzhe Jiao , Lechao Cheng , Nannan Wang

Denoising diffusion models produce high-fidelity image samples by capturing the image distribution in a progressive manner while initializing with a simple distribution and compounding the distribution complexity. Although these models have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ayantika Das , Moitreya Chaudhuri , Koushik Bhat , Keerthi Ram , Mihail Bota , Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam

Dual-view mammography, including craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) projections, offers complementary anatomical views crucial for breast cancer diagnosis. However, in real-world clinical workflows, one view may be missing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xin Li , Kaixiang Yang , Qiang Li , Zhiwei Wang

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is a widely used medical imaging modality for breast cancer screening and diagnosis, offering higher spatial resolution and greater detail through its 3D-like breast volume imaging capability. However, the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-21 Yuexi Du , Regina J. Hooley , John Lewin , Nicha C. Dvornek

Detection of blood cells in microscopic images has become a major focus of medical image analysis, playing a crucial role in gaining valuable insights into a patient's health. Manual blood cell checks for disease detection are known to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Ahmed Endris Hasen , Yang Shangming , Chiagoziem C. Ukwuoma , Biniyam Gashaw , Abel Zenebe Yutra

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) has been widely implemented in industrial and medical applications, which reduces the cost of manual annotation and improves efficiency in disease diagnosis. Recently, deep auto-encoder with its variants…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Mingqing Wang , Jiawei Li , Zhenyang Li , Chengxiao Luo , Bin Chen , Shu-Tao Xia , Zhi Wang

Dexterous telemanipulation critically relies on the continuous and stable tracking of the human operator's commands to ensure robust operation. Vison-based tracking methods are widely used but have low stability due to anomalies such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Haoyang Wang , Haoran Guo , Lingfeng Tao , Zhengxiong Li

To safely deploy deep learning-based computer vision models for computer-aided detection and diagnosis, we must ensure that they are robust and reliable. Towards that goal, algorithmic auditing has received substantial attention. To guide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Mitchell Pavlak , Nathan Drenkow , Nicholas Petrick , Mohammad Mehdi Farhangi , Mathias Unberath

Precise anomaly detection in medical images is critical for clinical decision-making. While recent unsupervised or semi-supervised anomaly detection methods trained on large-scale normal data show promising results, they lack fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yue Zhou , Yuan Bi , Wenjuan Tong , Wei Wang , Nassir Navab , Zhongliang Jiang

Anomaly detection in visual data refers to the problem of differentiating abnormal appearances from normal cases. Supervised approaches have been successfully applied to different domains, but require an abundance of labeled data. Due to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-29 Dejan Stepec , Danijel Skocaj

Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is a new and promising imaging modality for breast cancer detection and diagnosis, which could provide intuitive 3D information and coronal plane information with great diagnostic value. However, manually…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-03 Junxiong Yu , Chaoyu Chen , Xin Yang , Yi Wang , Dan Yan , Jianxing Zhang , Dong Ni

Performing anomaly detection in hybrid systems is a challenging task since it requires analysis of timing behavior and mutual dependencies of both discrete and continuous signals. Typically, it requires modeling system behavior, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Nemanja Hranisavljevic , Oliver Niggemann , Alexander Maier