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We create a mechanical digger able to move within 2D densely-packed granular media, in a manner intrinsically different from the existing biomimic diggers. The characteristics of our design include that the average grain size is about one…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-19 Guo-Jie Jason Gao , Fu-Ling Yang , Michael C. Holcomb , Jerzy Blawzdziewicz

This work presents an experimental design for studying low-velocity collisions into granular surfaces in low-gravity. In the experiment apparatus, reduced-gravity is simulated by releasing a free-falling projectile into a surface container…

We point out that the universality of free-fall can be tested by observing surface-gravity changes of the Earth. The Earth's inner core is weakly coupled to the rest part of the Earth by mainly gravitational forces. If there were a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 Sachie Shiomi

Considering extreme-mass-ratio inspirals along with the conservative dynamics of gravitational self-force, we compare viable theories of gravity. In particular, by examining a Schwarzschild background we analyse the self-force-induced…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-08 Vincenzo Ventriglia

The interferometry-based experimental tests of quantum properties of space-time which the author sketched out in a recent short Letter [Nature 398 (1999) 216] are here discussed in self-contained fashion. Besides providing detailed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

The most obvious obstacle behind a direct test of Quantum Gravity (QG) is its energy scale ($10^{19}$ GeV), which remains well outside of any human made machine. The next best possible approach is to provide indirect tests on effective…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-16 Carlos Villalpando , Sujoy K. Modak

Nearly fifty years after its inception, the Gravity Probe B satellite mission delivers the first measurements of how a spinning gyroscope precesses in the gravitational warping of spacetime.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Clifford M. Will

Earth rotation sensing has many applications in different disciplines, such as for the monitoring of ground motions, the establishment of UT1 and the test of the relativistic Lense-Thirring effect on the ground. We report the development of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-06-26 K. Liu , F. L. Zhang , Z. Y. Li , X. H. Feng , K. Li , Z. H. Lu , K. U. Schreiber , J. Luo , J. Zhang

Granular media are soft matter systems that exhibit some of the extreme behavior of complex fluids. Understanding of the natural formation of planetary bodies, landing on and exploring them, future engineering of structures beyond Earth and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-10 Paul Sánchez , Karen E. Daniels , Heinrich Jaeger , Troy Shinbrot

Gravity is the weakest of all known forces. Measuring the force of gravity from micro and nano-scale source masses is an essential first step toward low-energy quantum gravity tests. In addition, measuring gravitational forces where the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-06 Ahmed Roman , Asem Hassan , Mohamed ElKabbash

Characterizing forces on deformable objects intruding into sand and soil requires understanding the solid and fluid-like responses of such substrates and their effect on the state of the object. The most detailed studies of intrusion in dry…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-12-18 Jeffrey Aguilar , Daniel I. Goldman

As known from Einstein's theory of general relativity, the propagation of light in the presence of a massive object is affected by gravity. In this work, we discuss whether the effect of gravitational light bending can be observed in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-13 Sebastian Ulbricht , Johannes Dickmann , Robert A. Müller , Stefanie Kroker , Andrey Surzhykov

We consider the effect of a scalar field degree of freedom on the dynamics of gravity from small to large scales. We show that the effects of modified gravity can be completely captured by the time variations of the scalar field mass and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Philippe Brax , Anne-Christine Davis , Baojiu Li

Tetrahedral configurations of spacecraft on unperturbed heliocentric orbits allow for highly precise observations of small spatial changes in the gravitational field, especially those affecting the gravity gradient tensor (GGT). The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-26 Slava G. Turyshev , Sheng-wey Chiow , Nan Yu

Gauging the benefits of hypothetical gravity control propulsion is difficult, but addressable. The major challenge is that such breakthroughs are still only notional concepts rather than being specific methods from which performance can be…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marc G. Millis

The properties of gravitational-wave (GW) propagation are modified in alternative theories of gravity and are crucial observables to test gravity at cosmological distance. The propagation speed has already been measured from GW170817 so…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-22 Atsushi Nishizawa , Shun Arai

The selfgravity of an infalling gas can alter significantly the accretion of gases. In the case of spherically symmetric steady flows of polytropic perfect fluids the mass accretion rate achieves maximal value when the mass of the fluid is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Bogusz Kinasiewicz , Patryk Mach , Edward Malec

Recent precise measurements at Jupiter's and Saturn's gravity fields constrain the properties of the zonal flows in the outer envelopes of these planets. A simplified dynamic equation, sometimes called the thermal wind or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Johannes Wicht , Wieland Dietrich , Paula Wulff , Ulrich R. Christensen

The self-force describes the effect of a particle's own gravitational field on its motion. While the motion is geodesic in the test-mass limit, it is accelerated to first order in the particle's mass. In this contribution I review the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 Eric Poisson

Borehole gravity sensing can be used in a number of applications to measure features around a well including rock-type change mapping and determination of reservoir porosity. Quantum technology gravity sensors based on atom interferometry…