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Active learning is an iterative labeling process that is used to obtain a small labeled subset, despite the absence of labeled data, thereby enabling to train a model for supervised tasks such as text classification. While active learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Christopher Schröder , Gerhard Heyer

Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) is an extreme form of transfer learning, where no labelled examples of the data to be classified are provided during the training stage. Instead, ZSL uses additional information learned about the domain, and relies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Alexander W Olson , Andreea Cucu , Tom Bock

Zero-shot learning aims to recognize unseen objects using their semantic representations. Most existing works use visual attributes labeled by humans, not suitable for large-scale applications. In this paper, we revisit the use of documents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Jihyung Kil , Wei-Lun Chao

Automated fact-checking is an important task because determining the accurate status of a proposed claim within the vast amount of information available online is a critical challenge. This challenge requires robust evaluation to prevent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Mohammad Ghiasvand Mohammadkhani , Ali Ghiasvand Mohammadkhani , Hamid Beigy

The high cost of data labeling presents a major barrier to deploying machine learning systems at scale. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) mitigates this challenge by utilizing unlabeled data alongside limited labeled examples, while the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jichan Chung , Irene Y. Chen

Information extraction (IE) for visually-rich documents (VRDs) has achieved SOTA performance recently thanks to the adaptation of Transformer-based language models, which shows the great potential of pre-training methods. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Tuan-Anh D. Nguyen , Hieu M. Vu , Nguyen Hong Son , Minh-Tien Nguyen

Semantic matching is a mainstream paradigm of zero-shot relation extraction, which matches a given input with a corresponding label description. The entities in the input should exactly match their hypernyms in the description, while the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Jun Zhao , Wenyu Zhan , Xin Zhao , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Zhongyu Wei , Junzhe Wang , Minlong Peng , Mingming Sun

Learning with labels noise has gained significant traction recently due to the sensitivity of deep neural networks under label noise under common loss functions. Losses that are theoretically robust to label noise, however, often makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Aritra Ghosh , Andrew Lan

Existing approaches to few-shot learning in NLP rely on large language models (LLMs) and/or fine-tuning of these to generalise on out-of-distribution data. In this work, we propose a novel few-shot learning approach based on soft-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Avyav Kumar Singh , Ekaterina Shutova , Helen Yannakoudakis

Multi-label zero-shot classification aims to predict multiple unseen class labels for an input image. It is more challenging than its single-label counterpart. On one hand, the unconstrained number of labels assigned to each image makes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-03 He Huang , Yuanwei Chen , Wei Tang , Wenhao Zheng , Qing-Guo Chen , Yao Hu , Philip Yu

Zero-shot relation extraction aims to identify relations between entity mentions using textual descriptions of novel types (i.e., previously unseen) instead of labeled training examples. Previous works often rely on unrealistic assumptions:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Hugo Thomas , Caio Corro , Guillaume Gravier , Pascale Sébillot

With the development of foundation models such as large language models, zero-shot transfer learning has become increasingly significant. This is highlighted by the generative capabilities of NLP models like GPT-4, and the retrieval-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yuhan Li , Peisong Wang , Zhixun Li , Jeffrey Xu Yu , Jia Li

Skills play a central role in the job market and many human resources (HR) processes. In the wake of other digital experiences, today's online job market has candidates expecting to see the right opportunities based on their skill set.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Jens-Joris Decorte , Jeroen Van Hautte , Johannes Deleu , Chris Develder , Thomas Demeester

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize instances of unseen classes solely based on the semantic descriptions of the classes. Existing algorithms usually formulate it as a semantic-visual correspondence problem, by learning mappings from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Kai Li , Martin Renqiang Min , Yun Fu

Zero-shot learning provides models for targets for which instances are not available, commonly called unobserved targets. The availability of target side information becomes crucial in this context in order to properly induce models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Miriam Fdez-Díaz , Elena Montañés , José Ramón Quevedo

Vision-language pre-training such as CLIP enables zero-shot transfer that can classify images according to the candidate class names. While CLIP demonstrates an impressive zero-shot performance on diverse downstream tasks, the distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Qi Qian , Juhua Hu

The Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) task pertains to the identification of entities or relations in texts that were not seen during training. ZSL has emerged as a critical research area due to the scarcity of labeled data in specific domains, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Gabriele Picco , Marcos Martínez Galindo , Alberto Purpura , Leopold Fuchs , Vanessa López , Hoang Thanh Lam

Large language models require vast amounts of high-quality training data, but effective filtering of web-scale datasets remains a significant challenge. This paper demonstrates that GPT-4o is remarkably effective at identifying high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Jifan Zhang , Ziyue Luo , Jia Liu , Ness Shroff , Robert Nowak

The advancements in large language models (LLMs) have brought significant progress in NLP tasks. However, if a task cannot be fully described in prompts, the models could fail to carry out the task. In this paper, we propose a simple yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hwiyeol Jo , Hyunwoo Lee , Kang Min Yoo , Taiwoo Park

Object recognition systems usually require fully complete manually labeled training data to train the classifier. In this paper, we study the problem of object recognition where the training samples are missing during the classifier…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-10-15 Wai Lam Hoo , Chee Seng Chan