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While emerging 3D medical foundation models are envisioned as versatile tools with offer general-purpose capabilities, their validation remains largely confined to regional and structural imaging, leaving a significant modality discrepancy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yichi Zhang , Feiyang Xiao , Le Xue , Wenbo Zhang , Gang Feng , Chenguang Zheng , Yuan Qi , Yuan Cheng , Zixin Hu

Foundation models have demonstrated remarkable success across diverse domains and tasks, primarily due to the thrive of large-scale, diverse, and high-quality datasets. However, in the field of medical imaging, the curation and assembling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhongying Deng , Cheng Tang , Ziyan Huang , Jiashi Lin , Ying Chen , Junzhi Ning , Chenglong Ma , Jiyao Liu , Wei Li , Yinghao Zhu , Shujian Gao , Yanyan Huang , Sibo Ju , Yanzhou Su , Pengcheng Chen , Wenhao Tang , Tianbin Li , Haoyu Wang , Yuanfeng Ji , Hui Sun , Shaobo Min , Liang Peng , Feilong Tang , Haochen Xue , Rulin Zhou , Chaoyang Zhang , Wenjie Li , Shaohao Rui , Weijie Ma , Xingyue Zhao , Yibin Wang , Kun Yuan , Zhaohui Lu , Shujun Wang , Jinjie Wei , Lihao Liu , Dingkang Yang , Lin Wang , Yulong Li , Haolin Yang , Yiqing Shen , Lequan Yu , Xiaowei Hu , Yun Gu , Yicheng Wu , Benyou Wang , Minghui Zhang , Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero , Qi Gao , Hongming Shan , Xiaoyu Ren , Fang Yan , Hongyu Zhou , Haodong Duan , Maosong Cao , Shanshan Wang , Bin Fu , Xiaomeng Li , Zhi Hou , Chunfeng Song , Lei Bai , Yuan Cheng , Yuandong Pu , Xiang Li , Wenhai Wang , Hao Chen , Jiaxin Zhuang , Songyang Zhang , Huiguang He , Mengzhang Li , Bohan Zhuang , Zhian Bai , Rongshan Yu , Liansheng Wang , Yukun Zhou , Xiaosong Wang , Xin Guo , Guanbin Li , Xiangru Lin , Dakai Jin , Mianxin Liu , Wenlong Zhang , Qi Qin , Conghui He , Yuqiang Li , Ye Luo , Nanqing Dong , Jie Xu , Wenqi Shao , Bo Zhang , Qiujuan Yan , Yihao Liu , Jun Ma , Zhi Lu , Yuewen Cao , Zongwei Zhou , Jianming Liang , Shixiang Tang , Qi Duan , Dongzhan Zhou , Chen Jiang , Yuyin Zhou , Yanwu Xu , Jiancheng Yang , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaohong Liu , Siqi Luo , Yi Xin , Chaoyu Liu , Haochen Wen , Xin Chen , Alejandro Lozano , Min Woo Sun , Yuhui Zhang , Yue Yao , Xiaoxiao Sun , Serena Yeung-Levy , Xia Li , Jing Ke , Chunhui Zhang , Zongyuan Ge , Ming Hu , Jin Ye , Zhifeng Li , Yirong Chen , Yu Qiao , Junjun He

Recent advances in clinical AI have enabled remarkable progress across many clinical domains. However, existing benchmarks and models are primarily limited to a small set of modalities and tasks, which hinders the development of large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Wei Dai , Peilin Chen , Malinda Lu , Daniel Li , Haowen Wei , Hejie Cui , Paul Pu Liang

Over the past year, there has been a robust debate about the benefits and risks of open sourcing foundation models. However, this discussion has often taken place at a high level of generality or with a narrow focus on specific technical…

We investigate how both the adaptation of a generic foundation model via transfer learning and the integration of complementary modalities from the operating room (OR) can support surgical data science. To this end, we use V-JEPA as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Simon Pezold , Jérôme A. Kurylec , Jan S. Liechti , Beat P. Müller , Joël L. Lavanchy

Multimodal (MM) learning is emerging as a promising paradigm in biomedical artificial intelligence (AI) applications, integrating complementary modality, which highlight different aspects of patient health. The scarcity of large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Niccolo Marini , Zhaohui Liang , Sivaramakrishnan Rajaraman , Zhiyun Xue , Sameer Antani

Data-driven medical AI is traditionally formulated as a discriminative mapping from input $X$ to output $Y$ via a learned function $f$, which does not generalize well across heterogeneous data and modalities encountered in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hantao Zhang , Weidong Guo , Yuhe Liu , Jiancheng Yang , Sathvik Bhagavan , Danli Shi , Mingda Xu , Pascal Fua

The application of machine learning in medicine and healthcare has led to the creation of numerous diagnostic and prognostic models. However, despite their success, current approaches generally issue predictions using data from a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Fergus Imrie , Stefan Denner , Lucas S. Brunschwig , Klaus Maier-Hein , Mihaela van der Schaar

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized medical institutions while preserving data privacy. However, medical FL benchmarks remain scarce, with existing efforts focusing mainly on unimodal or bimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Aavash Chhetri , Bibek Niroula , Pratik Shrestha , Yash Raj Shrestha , Lesley A Anderson , Prashnna K Gyawali , Loris Bazzani , Binod Bhattarai

Machine learning methods in healthcare have traditionally focused on using data from a single modality, limiting their ability to effectively replicate the clinical practice of integrating multiple sources of information for improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Felix Krones , Umar Marikkar , Guy Parsons , Adam Szmul , Adam Mahdi

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been advancing rapidly and with the advent of large language models (LLMs) in late 2022, numerous opportunities have emerged for adopting this technology across various domains, including medicine. These…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Amr Alshatnawi , Remi Sampaleanu , David Liebovitz

Current artificial intelligence models for medical imaging are predominantly single modality and single disease. Attempts to create multimodal and multi-disease models have resulted in inconsistent clinical accuracy. Furthermore, training…

Fueled by breakthrough technology developments, the biological, biomedical, and behavioral sciences are now collecting more data than ever before. There is a critical need for time- and cost-efficient strategies to analyze and interpret…

Artificial intelligence has provided us with an exploration of a whole new research era. As more data and better computational power become available, the approach is being implemented in various fields. The demand for it in health…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Gloria Hyunjung Kwak , Pan Hui

The advancements in artificial intelligence in recent years, such as Large Language Models (LLMs), have fueled expectations for breakthroughs in genomic foundation models (GFMs). The code of nature, hidden in diverse genomes since the very…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-03 Heng Yang , Jack Cole , Ke Li

Due to the inherent flexibility of prompting, foundation models have emerged as the predominant force in the fields of natural language processing and computer vision. The recent introduction of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) signifies a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Yichi Zhang , Zhenrong Shen , Rushi Jiao

Technological advances in medical data collection, such as high-throughput genomic sequencing and digital high-resolution histopathology, have contributed to the rising requirement for multimodal biomedical modelling, specifically for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Konstantin Hemker , Nikola Simidjievski , Mateja Jamnik

Deep Learning has implemented a wide range of applications and has become increasingly popular in recent years. The goal of multimodal deep learning (MMDL) is to create models that can process and link information using various modalities.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Jabeen Summaira , Xi Li , Amin Muhammad Shoib , Jabbar Abdul

Foundation models (FMs), such as GPT-4 and AlphaFold, are reshaping the landscape of scientific research. Beyond accelerating tasks such as hypothesis generation, experimental design, and result interpretation, they prompt a more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Fan Liu , Jindong Han , Tengfei Lyu , Weijia Zhang , Zhe-Rui Yang , Lu Dai , Cancheng Liu , Hao Liu

Generative AI has made remarkable strides to revolutionize fields such as image and video generation. These advancements are driven by innovative algorithms, architecture, and data. However, the rapid proliferation of generative models has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Dongfu Jiang , Max Ku , Tianle Li , Yuansheng Ni , Shizhuo Sun , Rongqi Fan , Wenhu Chen
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