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In reinforcement learning (RL), an agent must explore an initially unknown environment in order to learn a desired behaviour. When RL agents are deployed in real world environments, safety is of primary concern. Constrained Markov decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 David M. Bossens , Nicholas Bishop

Diffusion-based models have recently shown strong performance in trajectory planning, as they are capable of capturing diverse, multimodal distributions of complex behaviors. A key limitation of these models is their slow inference speed,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Grayson Lee , Minh Bui , Shuzi Zhou , Yankai Li , Mo Chen , Ke Li

Individuality is essential in human society, which induces the division of labor and thus improves the efficiency and productivity. Similarly, it should also be the key to multi-agent cooperation. Inspired by that individuality is of being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Jiechuan Jiang , Zongqing Lu

Sparse reward is one of the biggest challenges in reinforcement learning (RL). In this paper, we propose a novel method called Generative Exploration and Exploitation (GENE) to overcome sparse reward. GENE automatically generates start…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Jiechuan Jiang , Zongqing Lu

Intrinsic rewards have been increasingly used to mitigate the sparse reward problem in single-agent reinforcement learning. These intrinsic rewards encourage the agent to look for novel experiences, guiding the agent to explore the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Roben Delos Reyes , Kyunghwan Son , Jinhwan Jung , Wan Ju Kang , Yung Yi

This paper introduces Investigate-Consolidate-Exploit (ICE), a novel strategy for enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of AI agents through inter-task self-evolution. Unlike existing methods focused on intra-task learning, ICE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Cheng Qian , Shihao Liang , Yujia Qin , Yining Ye , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin , Yesai Wu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Temporally extended actions improve the ability to explore and plan in single-agent settings. In multi-agent settings, the exponential growth of the joint state space with the number of agents makes coordinated behaviours even more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Raul D. Steleac , Mohan Sridharan , David Abel

As a new embodied vision task, Instance ImageGoal Navigation (IIN) aims to navigate to a specified object depicted by a goal image in an unexplored environment. The main challenge of this task lies in identifying the target object from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Xiaohan Lei , Min Wang , Wengang Zhou , Li Li , Houqiang Li

Imitation can be viewed as a means of enhancing learning in multiagent environments. It augments an agent's ability to learn useful behaviors by making intelligent use of the knowledge implicit in behaviors demonstrated by cooperative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-06-06 C. Boutilier , B. Price

Active inference is a mathematical framework for understanding how agents (biological or artificial) interact with their environments, enabling continual adaptation and decision-making. It combines Bayesian inference and free energy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Rithvik Prakki

Multi-agent systems have a wide range of applications in cooperative and competitive tasks. As the number of agents increases, nonstationarity gets more serious in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), which brings great difficulties…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Jiancheng Long , Hongming Zhang , Tianyang Yu , Bo Xu

Applying imitation learning (IL) is challenging to nonprehensile manipulation tasks of invisible objects with partial observations, such as excavating buried rocks. The demonstrator must make such complex action decisions as exploring to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Hirotaka Tahara , Takamitsu Matsubara

How do you incentivize self-interested agents to $\textit{explore}$ when they prefer to $\textit{exploit}$? We consider complex exploration problems, where each agent faces the same (but unknown) MDP. In contrast with traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Max Simchowitz , Aleksandrs Slivkins

The advent of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has significantly advanced the field of robotics, particularly in the control and coordination of quadruped robots. However, the complexity of real-world tasks often necessitates the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ziyan Xiong , Bo Chen , Shiyu Huang , Wei-Wei Tu , Zhaofeng He , Yang Gao

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, the success of RL for LLMs heavily relies on human-curated datasets and verifiable rewards,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Yixing Chen , Yiding Wang , Siqi Zhu , Haofei Yu , Tao Feng , Muhan Zhang , Mostofa Patwary , Jiaxuan You

In many real-world settings, an agent must learn to act in environments where no reward signal can be specified, but a set of expert demonstrations is available. Imitation learning (IL) is a popular framework for learning policies from such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Risto Vuorio , Mattie Fellows , Cong Lu , Clémence Grislain , Shimon Whiteson

Realistic manipulation tasks require a robot to interact with an environment with a prolonged sequence of motor actions. While deep reinforcement learning methods have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for automating manipulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Soroush Nasiriany , Huihan Liu , Yuke Zhu

In this paper, we introduce an alternative approach to enhancing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) through the integration of domain knowledge and attention-based policy mechanisms. Our methodology focuses on the incorporation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Andre R Kuroswiski , Annie S Wu , Angelo Passaro

This work presents a novel representation learning framework, *interaction-world* latent (IWoL), to facilitate *team coordination* in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Building effective representation for team coordination is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dongsu Lee , Daehee Lee , Yaru Niu , Honguk Woo , Amy Zhang , Ding Zhao

Offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) aims to learn effective multi-agent policies from pre-collected datasets, which is an important step toward the deployment of multi-agent systems in real-world applications. However, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Qi Tian , Kun Kuang , Furui Liu , Baoxiang Wang