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Recently, many efforts have been made to explore how the brain processes speech using electroencephalographic (EEG) signals, where deep learning-based approaches were shown to be applicable in this field. In order to decode speech signals…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-24 Qiushi Zhu , Xiaoying Zhao , Jie Zhang , Yu Gu , Chao Weng , Yuchen Hu

Self-supervised learning has been a powerful training paradigm to facilitate representation learning. In this study, we design a masked autoencoder (MAE) to guide deep learning models to learn electroencephalography (EEG) signal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yifei Zhou , Sitong Liu

Continuous electroencephalography (EEG) is routinely used in neurocritical care to monitor seizures and other harmful brain activity, including rhythmic and periodic patterns that are clinically significant. Although deep learning methods…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Argha Kamal Samanta , Deepak Mewada , Monalisa Sarma , Debasis Samanta

Electroencephalography (EEG) serves as an essential diagnostic tool in neurology; however, its accurate manual interpretation is a time-intensive process that demands highly specialized expertise, which remains relatively scarce and not…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-14 Ruggero G. Bettinardi , Mohamed Rahmouni , Ulysse Gimenez

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals generally exhibit low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and high inter-subject variability, making generalization across subjects and domains challenging. Recent advances in deep learning, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jiazhen Hong , Geoffrey Mackellar , Soheila Ghane

Decoding information from bio-signals such as EEG, using machine learning has been a challenge due to the small data-sets and difficulty to obtain labels. We propose a reconstruction-based self-supervised learning model, the masked…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-07 Hsiang-Yun Sherry Chien , Hanlin Goh , Christopher M. Sandino , Joseph Y. Cheng

Relating speech to EEG holds considerable importance but is challenging. In this study, a deep convolutional network was employed to extract spatiotemporal features from EEG data. Self-supervised speech representation and contextual text…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-02 Bo Wang , Xiran Xu , Zechen Zhang , Haolin Zhu , YuJie Yan , Xihong Wu , Jing Chen

Foundation models pre-trained through masked reconstruction on large-scale EEG data have emerged as a promising paradigm for learning generalizable neural representations across diverse brain-computer interface applications. However, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yang Shao , Peiliang Gong , Qun Dai , Daoqiang Zhang

Self-supervised learning has produced impressive results in multimedia domains of audio, vision and speech. This paradigm is equally, if not more, relevant for the domain of biosignals, owing to the scarcity of labelled data in such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Aditya Kommineni , Kleanthis Avramidis , Richard Leahy , Shrikanth Narayanan

Recent advances in self-supervised learning for EEG representation have largely relied on masked reconstruction, where models are trained to recover randomly masked signal segments. While effective at modeling local dependencies, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Shaocong Wang , Tong Liu , Yihan Li , Ming Li , Kairui Wen , Pei Yang , Wenqi Ji , Minjing Yu , Yong-Jin Liu

One of the challenges in modeling cognitive events from electroencephalogram (EEG) data is finding representations that are invariant to inter- and intra-subject differences, as well as to inherent noise associated with such data. Herein,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-02 Pouya Bashivan , Irina Rish , Mohammed Yeasin , Noel Codella

Modeling effective representations using multiple views that positively influence each other is challenging, and the existing methods perform poorly on Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for sleep-staging tasks. In this paper, we propose a…

Decoding visual information from electroencephalography (EEG) signals remains a fundamental challenge in brain-computer interfaces and medical rehabilitation. Existing EEG visual decoding methods mainly focus on learning a single global EEG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xiang Gao , Hui Tian , Yanming Zhu , Xuefei Yin , Alan Wee-Chung Liew

Foundation models for EEG analysis are still in their infancy, limited by two key challenges: (1) variability across datasets caused by differences in recording devices and configurations, and (2) the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of EEG,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Navid Mohammadi Foumani , Soheila Ghane , Nam Nguyen , Mahsa Salehi , Geoffrey I. Webb , Geoffrey Mackellar

During speech perception, a listener's electroencephalogram (EEG) reflects acoustic-level processing as well as higher-level cognitive factors such as speech comprehension and attention. However, decoding speech from EEG recordings is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Mike Thornton , Danilo Mandic , Tobias Reichenbach

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a crucial role in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and neurological diagnostics, but its real-world deployment faces challenges due to noise artifacts, missing data, and high annotation costs. We introduce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Meghna Roy Chowdhury , Yi Ding , Shreyas Sen

Reconstructing visual stimuli from non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) remains challenging due to its low spatial resolution and high noise, particularly under realistic low-density electrode configurations. To address this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Emanuele Balloni , Emanuele Frontoni , Chiara Matti , Marina Paolanti , Roberto Pierdicca , Emiliano Santarnecchi

Objective. Supervised learning paradigms are often limited by the amount of labeled data that is available. This phenomenon is particularly problematic in clinically-relevant data, such as electroencephalography (EEG), where labeling can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-03 Hubert Banville , Omar Chehab , Aapo Hyvärinen , Denis-Alexander Engemann , Alexandre Gramfort

Background: Deep learning models have shown great success in automating tasks in sleep medicine by learning from carefully annotated Electroencephalogram (EEG) data. However, effectively utilizing a large amount of raw EEG remains a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-14 Chaoqi Yang , Danica Xiao , M. Brandon Westover , Jimeng Sun

Unlike conventional data such as natural images, audio and speech, raw multi-channel Electroencephalogram (EEG) data are difficult to interpret. Modern deep neural networks have shown promising results in EEG studies, however finding robust…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Nikesh Bajaj , Jesús Requena Carrión , Francesco Bellotti
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