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Attosecond pulses, produced through high-order harmonic generation in gases, have been successfully used for observing ultrafast, sub-femtosecond electron dynamics in atoms, molecules and solid state systems. Today's typical attosecond…
We investigate the possibility to use transient absorption of a coherent bound electron wave packet in hydrogen as an attosecond pulse characterization technique. In recent work we have shown that photoionization of such a coherent bound…
Recollision physics and attosecond pulse generation meld the precision of optics with collision physics. As a follow-up to our previous work, we reveal a new direction for the study of electronic structure and multielectron dynamics by…
An optical coherent control scheme has been proposed and theoretically investigated where an extreme ultraviolet single attosecond pulse (SAP) propagates through a dense helium gas dressed by a time-delayed femtosecond laser pulse. The…
Bright squeezed light from parametric down-conversion in the infrared (IR) frequency range has triggered the emergence of attosecond quantum optics -- a new research field at the interface of quantum optics, strong-field physics, and…
How quanta of energy and charge are transported on both atomic spatial and ultrafast time scales is at the heart of modern technology. Recent progress in ultrafast spectroscopy has allowed us to directly study the dynamical response of an…
Characterizing the quantum state of intense light fields on sub-cycle timescales remains beyond the reach of existing methods. Here, we show that attosecond streaking provides direct, phase-sensitive access to the quantum properties of the…
The electronic excitation occurring on adsorbates at ultrafast time scales from optical lasers that initiate surface chemical reactions is still an open question. Here, we report the ultrafast temporal evolution of X-ray absorption…
We study the role of electron-electron correlation in the ground-state of Ne, as well as in photoionization dynamics induced by an attosecond XUV pulse. For a selection of central photon energies around 100 eV, we find that while the…
Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulses, generated by a process known as laser-induced electron recollision, are a key ingredient for attosecond metrology, providing a tool to precisely initiate and probe sub-femtosecond dynamics in the…
Photoionization is a key step in many attosecond processes. Accurately determining the photoionization time delay is critical to understanding electron dynamics during and after ionization and can guide future efforts to manipulate electron…
Transient X-ray absorption techniques can measure ultrafast dynamics of the elemental edges in a material or multiple layer junction, giving them immense potential for deconvoluting concurrent processes. However, the interpretation of the…
Using extreme-ultraviolet attosecond-pulse-trains, we investigate the photoionization dynamics of a Helium atom in the presence of moderately-strong (~10^12 W/cm^2) femtosecond laser pulses. The electronic structure of a laser-dressed atom…
We determine and analyze the quantum phases and time delays in photoionization and photorecombination of valence 3p and 3s electrons of argon using the Kohn-Sham local density functional approach. The time-dependent local density…
Photon exchange due to nuclear bremsstrahlung during nuclear collisions can cause Coulomb excitation in the projectile and the target nuclei. The corresponding process originated in nuclear timescales can also be observed in atomic…
Transient structural changes of Al$_2$O$_3$ on subatomic length scales following irradiation with an intense x-ray laser pulse (photon energy: 8.70 keV; pulse duration: 6 fs; fluence: 8$\times$10$^2$ J/cm$^{2}$) have been investigated by…
The evolution of electron wavepackets determines the course of many physical and chemical phenomena and attosecond spectroscopy aims to measure and control such dynamics in real-time. Here, we investigate radial electron wavepacket motion…
Imaging in real time the complete dynamics of a process as fundamental as photoemission has long been out of reach due to the difficulty of combining attosecond temporal resolution with fine spectral and angular resolutions. Here, we…
We have observed the signatures of valence electron rearrangement in photoexcited ammonia using ultrafast hard X-ray scattering. Time-resolved X-ray scattering is a powerful tool for imaging structural dynamics in molecules because of the…
Ultrafast laser excitation can create coherent superpositions of electronic states in molecules and trigger ultrafast flow of electron density on few- to sub-femtosecond time scales. While recent attosecond experiments have addressed…