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Merging into dense highway traffic for an autonomous vehicle is a complex decision-making task, wherein the vehicle must identify a potential gap and coordinate with surrounding human drivers, each of whom may exhibit diverse driving…

Motion planning for autonomous driving must account for multi-modal uncertainty in both the intentions and trajectories of surrounding vehicles. Handling uncertainty in a worst-case manner guarantees robustness but often leads to excessive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zekun Xing , Ramkrishna Chaudhari , Marion Leibold , Dirk Wollherr , Martin Buss

We investigate methods to provide safety assurances for autonomous agents that incorporate predictions of other, uncontrolled agents' behavior into their own trajectory planning. Given a learning-based forecasting model that predicts…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-14 Anish Muthali , Haotian Shen , Sampada Deglurkar , Michael H. Lim , Rebecca Roelofs , Aleksandra Faust , Claire Tomlin

Accurately predicting the possible behaviors of traffic participants is an essential capability for future autonomous vehicles. The majority of current researches fix the number of driving intentions by considering only a specific scenario.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Yeping Hu , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Recently significant progress has been made in vehicle prediction and planning algorithms for autonomous driving. However, it remains quite challenging for an autonomous vehicle to plan its trajectory in complex scenarios when it is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Xiangguo Liu , Ruochen Jiao , Yixuan Wang , Yimin Han , Bowen Zheng , Qi Zhu

In automated driving, risk describes potential harm to passengers of an autonomous vehicle (AV) and other road users. Recent studies suggest that human-like driving behavior emerges from embedding risk in AV motion planning algorithms.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Leon Tolksdorf , Arturo Tejada , Nathan van de Wouw , Christian Birkner

Lane changing and lane merging remains a challenging task for autonomous driving, due to the strong interaction between the controlled vehicle and the uncertain behavior of the surrounding traffic participants. The interaction induces a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-01 Renzi Wang , Mathijs Schuurmans , Panagiotis Patrinos

Human behavior in interactive settings is shaped not only by individual objectives but also by shared constraints with others, such as safety. Understanding how people allocate responsibility, i.e., how much one deviates from their desired…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Isaac Remy , Caleb Chang , Karen Leung

Human awareness in robot motion planning is crucial for seamless interaction with humans. Many existing techniques slow down, stop, or change the robot's trajectory locally to avoid collisions with humans. Although using the information on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Marco Faroni , Manuel Beschi , Nicola Pedrocchi

Making safe and human-like decisions is an essential capability of autonomous driving systems, and learning-based behavior planning presents a promising pathway toward achieving this objective. Distinguished from existing learning-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Zhiyu Huang , Haochen Liu , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv

Reliable automated driving technology is challenged by various sources of uncertainties, in particular, behavioral uncertainties of traffic agents. It is common for traffic agents to have intentions that are unknown to others, leaving an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 David Isele , Alexandre Miranda Anon , Faizan M. Tariq , Goro Yeh , Avinash Singh , Sangjae Bae

Continuous optimization based motion planners require specifying a maneuver class before calculating the optimal trajectory for that class. In traffic, the intentions of other participants are often unclear, presenting multiple maneuver…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Ömer Şahin Taş , Philipp Heinrich Brusius , Christoph Stiller

This paper presents a novel integrated approach to deal with the decision making and motion planning for lane-change maneuvers of autonomous vehicle (AV) considering social behaviors of surrounding traffic occupants. Reflected by driving…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-25 Peng Hang , Chen Lv , Chao Huang , Jiacheng Cai , Zhongxu Hu , Yang Xing

We propose a risk-aware crash mitigation system (RCMS), to augment any existing motion planner (MP), that enables an autonomous vehicle to perform evasive maneuvers in high-risk situations and minimize the severity of collision if a crash…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Faizan M. Tariq , David Isele , John S. Baras , Sangjae Bae

We propose a hierarchical architecture designed for scalable real-time Model Predictive Control (MPC) in complex, multi-modal traffic scenarios. This architecture comprises two key components: 1) RAID-Net, a novel attention-based Recurrent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hansung Kim , Siddharth H. Nair , Francesco Borrelli

Accurate trajectory prediction and motion planning are crucial for autonomous driving systems to navigate safely in complex, interactive environments characterized by multimodal uncertainties. However, current generation-then-evaluation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ruiguo Zhong , Ruoyu Yao , Pei Liu , Xiaolong Chen , Rui Yang , Jun Ma

Motion prediction for intelligent vehicles typically focuses on estimating the most probable future evolutions of a traffic scenario. Estimating the gap acceptance, i.e., whether a vehicle merges or crosses before another vehicle with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Max Bastian Mertens , Jona Ruof , Jan Strohbeck , Michael Buchholz

In order to develop provably safe human-in-the-loop systems, accurate and precise models of human behavior must be developed. In the case of intelligent vehicles, one can imagine the need for predicting driver behavior to develop minimally…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Katherine Driggs-Campbell , Roy Dong , S. Shankar Sastry , Ruzena Bajcsy

Planning under model uncertainty is a fundamental problem across many applications of decision making and learning. In this paper, we propose the Robust Adaptive Monte Carlo Planning (RAMCP) algorithm, which allows computation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-10 Apoorva Sharma , James Harrison , Matthew Tsao , Marco Pavone

Autonomous vehicles need to accomplish their tasks while interacting with human drivers in traffic. It is thus crucial to equip autonomous vehicles with artificial reasoning to better comprehend the intentions of the surrounding traffic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Xiao Li , Kaiwen Liu , H. Eric Tseng , Anouck Girard , Ilya Kolmanovsky