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Many artificial intelligence (AI) problems naturally map to NP-hard optimization problems. This has the interesting consequence that enabling human-level capability in machines often requires systems that can handle formally intractable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 Hartmut Neven , Geordie Rose , William G. Macready

The unit commitment (UC) problem stands as a critical optimization challenge in the electrical power industry. It is classified as NP-hard, placing it among the most intractable problems to solve. This paper introduces a novel hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 Bruna Salgado , André Sequeira , Luis Paulo Santos

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) provide a promising framework for tackling complex optimization problems on near-term quantum hardware. Here, we demonstrate that hybrid qubit--qumode quantum devices offer an efficient route to solving…

Combinatorial optimization problems are one of the target applications of current quantum technology, mainly because of their industrial relevance, the difficulty of solving large instances of them classically, and their equivalence to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-10 J. A. Montanez-Barrera , Pim van den Heuvel , Dennis Willsch , Kristel Michielsen

Quantum approximate optimization is one of the promising candidates for useful quantum computation, particularly in the context of finding approximate solutions to Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems. However, the…

Modular quantum computing architectures are a promising alternative to monolithic QPU (Quantum Processing Unit) designs for scaling up quantum devices. They refer to a set of interconnected QPUs or cores consisting of tightly coupled…

Power grid partitioning is an important requirement for resilient distribution grids. Since electricity production is progressively shifted to the distribution side, dynamic identification of self-reliant grid subsets becomes crucial for…

Black-box optimization (BBO) can be used to optimize functions whose analytic form is unknown. A common approach to realising BBO is to learn a surrogate model which approximates the target black-box function which can then be solved via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Jonas Nüßlein , Christoph Roch , Thomas Gabor , Jonas Stein , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien , Sebastian Feld

Consensus-based optimization (CBO) is a versatile multi-particle optimization method for performing nonconvex and nonsmooth global optimizations in high dimensions. Proofs of global convergence in probability have been achieved for a broad…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Jonas Beddrich , Enis Chenchene , Massimo Fornasier , Hui Huang , Barbara Wohlmuth

The LogQ algorithm encodes Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems, which are often encountered in the industry (portfolio optimization, fleet optimization, charging stations, etc.). It was developed within the framework…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Jérémie Messud , Yagnik Chatterjee

Quadratic multiple knapsack problem (QMKP) is a combinatorial optimisation problem characterised by multiple weight capacity constraints and a profit function that combines linear and quadratic profits. We study a stochastic variant of this…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Kokila Kasuni Perera , Aneta Neumann

In the field of quantum computing, combinatorial optimization problems are typically addressed using QUBO (Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization) solvers. However, these solvers are often insufficient for tackling higher-order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-24 Yuichiro Minato

We present QUBOLite, a Python package for the creation, manipulation, analysis, and solution of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) instances. Built as a thin wrapper around NumPy arrays, QUBOLite combines efficient numerical…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sascha Mücke , Thore Gerlach , Nico Piatkowski , Lukas Theißinger

Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Programs (QCQPs) are an important class of optimization problems with diverse real-world applications. In this work, we propose a variational quantum algorithm for general QCQPs. By encoding the variables…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Hongyi Zhou , Sirui Peng , Qian Li , Xiaoming Sun

Quantum computers show potential for achieving computational advantage over classical computers, with many candidate applications in combinatorial optimisation. We present an application level benchmarking framework for near-term quantum…

Hypergraph partitioning is a fundamental optimization problem with applications in data management and other domains involving higher-order relations. In this paper, we study balanced hypergraph partitioning from the perspective of quantum…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yiran Li , Y. Batuhan Yilmaz , Michael Silver , Zachary Vernec , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Ising machines, including quantum annealing machines, are promising next-generation computers for combinatorial optimization problems. However, due to hardware limitations, most Ising-type hardware can only solve objective functions…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-29 Kazuki Ikeuchi , Yoshiki Matsuda , Shu Tanaka

Quantum devices can be used to solve constrained combinatorial optimization (COPT) problems thanks to the use of penalization methods to embed the COPT problem's constraints in its objective to obtain a quadratic unconstrained binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 Rodolfo Quintero , David Bernal , Tamás Terlaky , Luis F. Zuluaga

The Portfolio Optimization task has long been studied in the Financial Services literature as a procedure to identify the basket of assets that satisfy desired conditions on the expected return and the associated risk. A well-known approach…

High-energy physics is replete with hard computational problems and it is one of the areas where quantum computing could be used to speed up calculations. We present an implementation of likelihood-based regularized unfolding on a quantum…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-10-09 Kyle Cormier , Riccardo Di Sipio , Peter Wittek