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Many real-world applications collect data in a streaming environment, where learning tasks are encountered sequentially. This necessitates continual learning (CL) to update models online, enabling adaptation to new tasks while preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yu-Yang Qian , Yuan-Ze Xu , Zhen-Yu Zhang , Peng Zhao , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Recent progress in the few-shot adaptation of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has further pushed their generalization capabilities, at the expense of just a few labeled samples within the target downstream task. However, this promising,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Maxime Zanella , Ismail Ben Ayed

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), but it still incurs notable overhead and suffers from parameter interference in complex datasets. While recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Huanrong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Low-rank adaption (LoRA) is a prominent method that adds a small number of learnable parameters to the frozen pre-trained weights for parameter-efficient fine-tuning. Prompted by the question, ``Can we make its representation enough with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Injoon Hwang , Haewon Park , Youngwan Lee , Jooyoung Yang , SunJae Maeng

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is widely used for federated fine-tuning. Yet under non-IID settings, it can substantially underperform full-parameter fine-tuning. Through with-high-probability robustness analysis, we uncover that this gap can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hongyi Peng , Han Yu , Xiaoxiao Li , Qiang Yang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient method for fine-tuning Large Langauge Models. It updates the weight matrix as $W=W_0+sBA$, where $W_0$ is the original frozen weight, $s$ is a scaling factor and $A$,$B$ are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yize Wu , Ke Gao , Ling Li , Yanjun Wu

Processing visual data often involves small adjustments or sequences of changes, e.g., image filtering, surface smoothing, and animation. While established graphics techniques like normal mapping and video compression exploit redundancy to…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Anh Truong , Ahmed H. Mahmoud , Mina Konaković Luković , Justin Solomon

We present a new training methodology for transformers using a multilevel, layer-parallel approach. Through a neural ODE formulation of transformers, our application of a multilevel parallel-in-time algorithm for the forward and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shuai Jiang , Marc Salvadó-Benasco , Eric C. Cyr , Alena Kopaničáková , Rolf Krause , Jacob B. Schroder

In the past, continual learning (CL) was mostly concerned with the problem of catastrophic forgetting in neural networks, that arises when incrementally learning a sequence of tasks. Current CL methods function within the confines of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shishir Muralidhara , Didier Stricker , René Schuster

Fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained models is inherently a resource-intensive task. While it can enhance the capabilities of the model, it also incurs substantial computational costs, posing challenges to the practical application of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yulong Mao , Kaiyu Huang , Changhao Guan , Ganglin Bao , Fengran Mo , Jinan Xu

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) is essential for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs). In practice, LLMs are often required to handle a diverse set of tasks from multiple domains, a scenario naturally addressed by multi-task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jinda Liu , Bo Cheng , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

The growing scale of Large Language Models (LLMs) has necessitated the development of parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a promising approach, reducing the number of trainable parameters by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Jessica Liang , Anirudh Bharadwaj

LoRA has emerged as one of the de facto methods for fine-tuning foundation models with low computational cost and memory footprint. The idea is to only train a low-rank perturbation to the weights of a pre-trained model, given supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Arif Kerem Dayi , Sitan Chen

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method widely used in large language models (LLMs). It approximates the update of a pretrained weight matrix $W\in\mathbb{R}^{m\times n}$ by the product of two low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Shiwei Li , Xiandi Luo , Haozhao Wang , Xing Tang , Ziqiang Cui , Dugang Liu , Yuhua Li , Xiuqiang He , Ruixuan Li

The current study describes a cost-effective method for adapting large language models (LLMs) for academic advising with study-abroad contexts in mind and for application in low-resource methods for acculturation. With the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Md Millat Hosen

Effectively leveraging private datasets remains a significant challenge in developing foundation models. Federated Learning (FL) has recently emerged as a collaborative framework that enables multiple users to fine-tune these models while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yiyuan Yang , Guodong Long , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is now the dominant method for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models, but achieving a high-quality adapter often requires systematic hyperparameter tuning because LoRA performance is highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jingwei Zuo , Xinze Feng , Zien Liu , Kaijian Wang , Fanjiang Ye , Ye Cao , Zhuang Wang , Yuke Wang

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and its variants have recently gained much interest due to their ability to avoid excessive inference costs. However, LoRA still encounters the following challenges: (1) Limitation of low-rank assumption; and (2)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Qibin Wang , Xiaolin Hu , Weikai Xu , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), particularly Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), has become a standard approach for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) under limited compute. However, in continual settings where models are updated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Hung Le , Svetha Venkatesh

Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a powerful method for fine-tuning large-scale foundation models. Despite its popularity, the theoretical understanding of LoRA has remained limited. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Tuan Truong , Chau Nguyen , Huy Nguyen , Minh Le , Trung Le , Nhat Ho