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We study building multi-task agents in open-world environments. Without human demonstrations, learning to accomplish long-horizon tasks in a large open-world environment with reinforcement learning (RL) is extremely inefficient. To tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Haoqi Yuan , Chi Zhang , Hongcheng Wang , Feiyang Xie , Penglin Cai , Hao Dong , Zongqing Lu

We propose Pgx, a suite of board game reinforcement learning (RL) environments written in JAX and optimized for GPU/TPU accelerators. By leveraging JAX's auto-vectorization and parallelization over accelerators, Pgx can efficiently scale to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Sotetsu Koyamada , Shinri Okano , Soichiro Nishimori , Yu Murata , Keigo Habara , Haruka Kita , Shin Ishii

Translating complex reinforcement learning (RL) environments into high-performance implementations has traditionally required months of specialized engineering. We present a closed-loop methodology that produces equivalent high-performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Seth Karten , Rahul Dev Appapogu , Chi Jin

The objective comparison of Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms is notoriously complex as outcomes and benchmarking of performances of different RL approaches are critically sensitive to environmental design, reward structures, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Sinan Ibrahim , Grégoire Ouerdane , Hadi Salloum , Henni Ouerdane , Stefan Streif , Pavel Osinenko

Recently, researchers have made significant progress combining the advances in deep learning for learning feature representations with reinforcement learning. Some notable examples include training agents to play Atari games based on raw…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-30 Yan Duan , Xi Chen , Rein Houthooft , John Schulman , Pieter Abbeel

Deep Reinforcement Learning can play a key role in addressing sustainable energy challenges. For instance, many grid systems are heavily congested, highlighting the urgent need to enhance operational efficiency. However, reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Koen Ponse , Jan Felix Kleuker , Aske Plaat , Thomas Moerland

Effective decision-making in the real world depends on memory that is both stable and adaptive: environments change over time, and agents must retain relevant information over long horizons while also updating or overwriting outdated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Oleg Shchendrigin , Egor Cherepanov , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

Mitigating partial observability is a necessary but challenging task for general reinforcement learning algorithms. To improve an algorithm's ability to mitigate partial observability, researchers need comprehensive benchmarks to gauge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ruo Yu Tao , Kaicheng Guo , Cameron Allen , George Konidaris

Benchmarks play a crucial role in the development and analysis of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, with environment availability strongly impacting research. One particularly underexplored intersection is continual learning (CL) in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Tristan Tomilin , Luka van den Boogaard , Samuel Garcin , Bram Grooten , Meng Fang , Yali Du , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Open-world survival games pose significant challenges for AI algorithms due to their multi-tasking, deep exploration, and goal prioritization requirements. Despite reinforcement learning (RL) being popular for solving games, its high sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Yue Wu , Shrimai Prabhumoye , So Yeon Min , Yonatan Bisk , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Amos Azaria , Tom Mitchell , Yuanzhi Li

Reinforcement learning has recently experienced increased prominence in the machine learning community. There are many approaches to solving reinforcement learning problems with new techniques developed constantly. When solving problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Belinda Stapelberg , Katherine M. Malan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved state-of-the-art results in domains such as robotics and games. We build on this previous work by applying RL algorithms to a selection of canonical online stochastic optimization problems with a…

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is key to aligning Large Language Models (LLMs), typically paired with the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm. While PPO is a powerful method designed for general reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Ziniu Li , Tian Xu , Yushun Zhang , Zhihang Lin , Yang Yu , Ruoyu Sun , Zhi-Quan Luo

We introduce Procgen Benchmark, a suite of 16 procedurally generated game-like environments designed to benchmark both sample efficiency and generalization in reinforcement learning. We believe that the community will benefit from increased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Karl Cobbe , Christopher Hesse , Jacob Hilton , John Schulman

It is common to evaluate the performance of a machine learning model by measuring its predictive power on a test dataset. This approach favors complicated models that can smoothly fit complex functions and generalize well from training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Hugo Cisneros , Josef Sivic , Tomas Mikolov

The aim of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in real-world applications is to create systems capable of making autonomous decisions by learning from their environment through trial and error. This paper emphasizes the importance of reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Sinan Ibrahim , Mostafa Mostafa , Ali Jnadi , Hadi Salloum , Pavel Osinenko

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) heavily rely on a variety of well-designed benchmarks, which provide environmental platforms and consistent criteria to evaluate existing and novel algorithms. Specifically, in multi-agent RL…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Wenzhe Li , Zihan Ding , Seth Karten , Chi Jin

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn from historical data without requiring (costly) access to the environment. To facilitate offline RL research, we previously introduced NeoRL, which highlighted that datasets from real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Songyi Gao , Zuolin Tu , Rong-Jun Qin , Yi-Hao Sun , Xiong-Hui Chen , Yang Yu

Rising computational demands of modern natural language processing (NLP) systems have increased the barrier to entry for cutting-edge research while posing serious environmental concerns. Yet, progress on model efficiency has been impeded…

Efficient code retrieval is critical for developer productivity, yet existing benchmarks largely focus on Python and rarely stress-test robustness beyond superficial lexical cues. To address the gap, we introduce an automated pipeline for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Kaicheng Wang , Liyan Huang , Weike Fang , Weihang Wang