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In this paper, we propose a new technique based on program synthesis for extracting information from webpages. Given a natural language query and a few labeled webpages, our method synthesizes a program that can be used to extract similar…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Qiaochu Chen , Aaron Lamoreaux , Xinyu Wang , Greg Durrett , Osbert Bastani , Isil Dillig

Open-domain question answering (OpenQA) represents a cornerstone in natural language processing (NLP), primarily focused on extracting answers from unstructured textual data. With the rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Tingjia Shen , Hao Wang , Chuan Qin , Ruijun Sun , Yang Song , Defu Lian , Hengshu Zhu , Enhong Chen

It can be challenging to build effective open question answering (open QA) systems for languages other than English, mainly due to a lack of labeled data for training. We present a data efficient method to bootstrap such a system for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Vésteinn Snæbjarnarson , Hafsteinn Einarsson

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant progress in Open-domain question answering (ODQA), yet most evaluations focus on English and assume locale-invariant answers across languages. This assumption neglects the cultural and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Keon-Woo Roh , Yeong-Joon Ju , Seong-Whan Lee

We show that the task of question answering (QA) can significantly benefit from the transfer learning of models trained on a different large, fine-grained QA dataset. We achieve the state of the art in two well-studied QA datasets, WikiQA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Sewon Min , Minjoon Seo , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Question Answering (QA) is a longstanding challenge in natural language processing. Existing QA works mostly focus on specific question types, knowledge domains, or reasoning skills. The specialty in QA research hinders systems from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Wanjun Zhong , Yifan Gao , Ning Ding , Yujia Qin , Zhiyuan Liu , Ming Zhou , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin , Nan Duan

Most existing approaches for Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) focus on a specific underlying knowledge base either because of inherent assumptions in the approach, or because evaluating it on a different knowledge base requires…

Open-ended video question answering aims to automatically generate the natural-language answer from referenced video contents according to the given question. Currently, most existing approaches focus on short-form video question answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Zhu Zhang , Zhou Zhao , Zhijie Lin , Jingkuan Song , Xiaofei He

The Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) task aims to answer natural language questions based on a given knowledge base. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in language understanding and can be used to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Yantao Liu , Zixuan Li , Xiaolong Jin , Yucan Guo , Long Bai , Saiping Guan , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Human knowledge is collectively encoded in the roughly 6500 languages spoken around the world, but it is not distributed equally across languages. Hence, for information-seeking question answering (QA) systems to adequately serve speakers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Fahim Faisal , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Legal question answering (QA) has attracted increasing attention from people seeking legal advice, which aims to retrieve the most applicable answers from a large-scale database of question-answer pairs. Previous methods mainly use a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Shiwen Ni , Hao Cheng , Min Yang

Humans apprehend the world through various sensory modalities, yet language is their predominant communication channel. Machine learning systems need to draw on the same multimodal richness to have informed discourses with humans in natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Min Wang , Ata Mahjoubfar , Anupama Joshi

It is very challenging to curate a dataset for language-specific knowledge and common sense in order to evaluate natural language understanding capabilities of language models. Due to the limitation in the availability of annotators, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Question answering (QA) is an important aspect of open-domain conversational agents, garnering specific research focus in the conversational QA (ConvQA) subtask. One notable limitation of recent ConvQA efforts is the response being answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Ashutosh Baheti , Alan Ritter , Kevin Small

While there has been substantial progress in text comprehension through simple factoid question answering, more holistic comprehension of a discourse still presents a major challenge (Dunietz et al., 2020). Someone critically reflecting on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Wei-Jen Ko , Cutter Dalton , Mark Simmons , Eliza Fisher , Greg Durrett , Junyi Jessy Li

Question answering (QA) is the task of answering questions posed in natural language with free-form natural language answers extracted from a given passage. In the OpenQA variant, only a question text is given, and the system must retrieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Emrah Budur , Rıza Özçelik , Dilara Soylu , Omar Khattab , Tunga Güngör , Christopher Potts

We introduce CUS-QA, a benchmark for evaluation of open-ended regional question answering that encompasses both textual and visual modalities. We also provide strong baselines using state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs). Our dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jindřich Libovický , Jindřich Helcl , Andrei Manea , Gianluca Vico

Open-domain question answering (ODQA) has emerged as a pivotal research spotlight in information systems. Existing methods follow two main paradigms to collect evidence: (1) The \textit{retrieve-then-read} paradigm retrieves pertinent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Hongda Sun , Yuxuan Liu , Chengwei Wu , Haiyu Yan , Cheng Tai , Xin Gao , Shuo Shang , Rui Yan

We propose a method to teach multiple large language models (LLM) to collaborate by interleaving their generations at the token level. We model the decision of which LLM generates the next token as a latent variable. By optimizing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Shannon Zejiang Shen , Hunter Lang , Bailin Wang , Yoon Kim , David Sontag

In open-domain question answering, a model receives a text question as input and searches for the correct answer using a large evidence corpus. The retrieval step is especially difficult as typical evidence corpora have \textit{millions} of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Christopher Sciavolino
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