English
Related papers

Related papers: Generalization or Memorization: Data Contamination…

200 papers

Data contamination in model evaluation is getting increasingly prevalent as the massive training corpora of large language models often unintentionally include benchmark samples. Therefore, contamination analysis has became an inevitable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Yucheng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in software engineering tasks, but evaluating their effectiveness in vulnerability detection is challenging due to the lack of high-quality datasets. Most existing datasets are limited to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Md Basim Uddin Ahmed , Nima Shiri Harzevili , Jiho Shin , Hung Viet Pham , Song Wang

Existing evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) on static benchmarks is vulnerable to data contamination and leaderboard overfitting, critical issues that obscure true model capabilities. To address this, we introduce LLMEval-Fair, a…

Vulnerability detection methods based on deep learning (DL) have shown strong performance on benchmark datasets, yet their real-world effectiveness remains underexplored. Recent work suggests that both graph neural network (GNN)-based and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Chaomeng Lu , Bert Lagaisse

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed human writing by enhancing grammar correction, content expansion, and stylistic refinement. However, their widespread use raises concerns about authorship, originality, and ethics, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Zhen Tao , Zhiyu Li , Runyu Chen , Dinghao Xi , Wei Xu

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized text generation, producing outputs that closely mimic human writing. This blurring of lines between machine- and human-written text presents new challenges in distinguishing one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Cong Zeng , Shengkun Tang , Xianjun Yang , Yuanzhou Chen , Yiyou Sun , zhiqiang xu , Yao Li , Haifeng Chen , Wei Cheng , Dongkuan Xu

Knowledge distillation (KD) is an effective model compression method that can transfer the internal capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to smaller ones. However, the multi-modal probability distribution predicted by teacher LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Tianyu Peng , Jiajun Zhang

The adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) for code generation in data science offers substantial potential for enhancing tasks such as data manipulation, statistical analysis, and visualization. However, the effectiveness of these models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Nathalia Nascimento , Everton Guimaraes , Sai Sanjna Chintakunta , Santhosh Anitha Boominathan

Multiple-choice question (MCQ) datasets like Massive Multitask Language Understanding (MMLU) are widely used to evaluate the commonsense, understanding, and problem-solving abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, the open-source…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Qihao Zhao , Yangyu Huang , Tengchao Lv , Lei Cui , Qinzheng Sun , Shaoguang Mao , Xin Zhang , Ying Xin , Qiufeng Yin , Scarlett Li , Furu Wei

Existing detoxification methods for large language models mainly focus on post-training stage or inference time, while few tackle the source of toxicity, namely, the dataset itself. Such training-based or controllable decoding approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Wei Shao , Yihang Wang , Gaoyu Zhu , Ziqiang Cheng , Lei Yu , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

This paper investigates the automation of qualitative data analysis, focusing on inductive coding using large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional approaches that rely on deductive methods with predefined labels, this research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Angelina Parfenova , Andreas Marfurt , Alexander Denzler , Juergen Pfeffer

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs) have revealed remarkable generative capabilities and emerging self-regulatory mechanisms, including self-correction and self-rewarding. However, current detoxification techniques rarely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Kaituo Zhang , Zhimeng Jiang , Na Zou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become foundational in modern artificial intelligence, powering a wide range of applications from code generation and virtual assistants to scientific research and enterprise automation. However, concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Le Vu Anh , Dinh Duc Nha Nguyen , Phi Long Nguyen

Generative AI systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) usually use content moderation to prevent harmful content spread. To evaluate the robustness of content moderation, several metamorphic testing techniques have been proposed to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Honghao Tan , Haibo Wang , Diany Pressato , Yisen Xu , Shin Hwei Tan

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in automating unit test generation, significantly reducing the manual effort required by developers. To effectively evaluate the capabilities of LLMs in this domain, it is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Dong Huang , Jie M. Zhang , Mark Harman , Qianru Zhang , Mingzhe Du , See-Kiong Ng

Large language models (LLMs) can elicit social bias during generations, especially when inference with toxic prompts. Controlling the sensitive attributes in generation encounters challenges in data distribution, generalizability, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Xueyao Sun , Kaize Shi , Haoran Tang , Guandong Xu , Qing Li

Language is a deep-rooted means of perpetration of stereotypes and discrimination. Large Language Models (LLMs), now a pervasive technology in our everyday lives, can cause extensive harm when prone to generating toxic responses. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Simone Corbo , Luca Bancale , Valeria De Gennaro , Livia Lestingi , Vincenzo Scotti , Matteo Camilli

While large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive instruction-following capabilities, it is still unclear whether and to what extent they can respond to explicit constraints that might be entailed in various instructions. As a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Yihan Chen , Benfeng Xu , Quan Wang , Yi Liu , Zhendong Mao

Large language models (LLMs) are expected to offer structured Markdown responses for the sake of readability in web chatbots (e.g., ChatGPT). Although there are a myriad of metrics to evaluate LLMs, they fail to evaluate the readability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhongpu Chen , Yinfeng Liu , Long Shi , Xingyan Chen , Yu Zhao , Fuji Ren

Sensitive information detection is crucial in content moderation to maintain safe online communities. Assisting in this traditionally manual process could relieve human moderators from overwhelming and tedious tasks, allowing them to focus…