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Optimal transport has gained significant attention in recent years due to its effectiveness in deep learning and computer vision. Its descendant metric, the Wasserstein distance, has been particularly successful in measuring distribution…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Kaiwen Shi

Distributional data have become increasingly prominent in modern signal processing, highlighting the necessity of computing optimal transport (OT) maps across multiple probability distributions. Nevertheless, recent studies on neural OT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Mingchen Jiang , Peng Xu , Xichen Ye , Xiaohui Chen , Yun Yang , Yifan Chen

We investigate the optimal transport problem between probability measures when the underlying cost function is understood to satisfy a least action principle, also known as a Lagrangian cost. These generalizations are useful when connecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Aram-Alexandre Pooladian , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Brandon Amos

We study the estimation of optimal transport (OT) maps between an arbitrary source probability measure and a log-concave target probability measure. Our contributions are twofold. First, we propose a new evolution equation in the set of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Théo Dumont , Théo Lacombe , François-Xavier Vialard

Optimal transport (OT) and Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) alignment provide interpretable geometric frameworks for comparing, transforming, and aggregating heterogeneous datasets -- tasks ubiquitous in data science and machine learning. Because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sanjit Dandapanthula , Aleksandr Podkopaev , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Aaditya Ramdas , Ziv Goldfeld

Matching a source to a target probability measure is often solved by instantiating a linear optimal transport (OT) problem, parameterized by a ground cost function that quantifies discrepancy between points. When these measures live in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Othmane Sebbouh , Marco Cuturi , Gabriel Peyré

This paper is devoted to variational problems on the set of probability measures which involve optimal transport between unequal dimensional spaces. In particular, we study the minimization of a functional consisting of the sum of a term…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-11-18 Luca Nenna , Brendan Pass

Optimal transport (OT) finds a least cost transport plan between two probability distributions using a cost matrix defined on pairs of points. Unlike standard OT, which infers unstructured pointwise mappings, low-rank optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Henri Schmidt , Peter Halmos , Ben Raphael

Optimal Transport (OT) naturally arises in many machine learning applications, yet the heavy computational burden limits its wide-spread uses. To address the scalability issue, we propose an implicit generative learning-based framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Yujia Xie , Minshuo Chen , Haoming Jiang , Tuo Zhao , Hongyuan Zha

We introduce a novel geometric framework for optimal experimental design (OED). Traditional OED approaches, such as those based on mutual information, rely explicitly on probability densities, leading to restrictive invariance properties.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-17 Gavin Kerrigan , Christian A. Naesseth , Tom Rainforth

The dynamical formulation of optimal transport, also known as Benamou-Brenier formulation or Computational Fluid Dynamics formulation, amounts to write the optimal transport problem as the optimization of a convex functional under a PDE…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-25 Hugo Lavenant

Optimal transport is a framework for comparing measures whereby a cost is incurred for transporting one measure to another. Recent works have aimed to improve optimal transport plans through the introduction of various forms of structure.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Fabian Lim , Laura Wynter , Shiau Hong Lim

Optimal transport is widely used to learn distributions, enforce distributional constraints, and model uncertainty. In applications, transport losses are often computed from samples through tractable representations, such as one-dimensional…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Tam Le

Optimal transport (OT) serves as a natural framework for comparing probability measures, with applications in statistics, machine learning, and applied mathematics. Alas, statistical estimation and exact computation of the OT distances…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Tao Wang , Ziv Goldfeld

This paper connects discrete optimal transport to a certain class of multi-objective optimization problems. In both settings, the decision variables can be organized into a matrix. In the multi-objective problem, the notion of Pareto…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-04 Johannes M. Schumacher

Optimal transport has been an essential tool for reconstructing dynamics from complex data. With the increasingly available multifaceted data, a system can often be characterized across multiple spaces. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-06 Zixuan Cang , Yanxiang Zhao

The Optimal Transport (OT) problem with squared Euclidean cost consists in finding a coupling between two input measures that maximizes correlation. Consequently, the optimal coupling is often singular with respect to the Lebesgue measure.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Paul Freulon , Nikitas Georgakis , Victor Panaretos

Unbalanced optimal transport (UOT) provides a principled framework for modeling single-cell transitions and birth-death dynamics, but its high computational cost limits scalability to large-scale datasets. Although single-cell data often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qiangwei Peng , Lezhi Chen , Peijie Zhou

We propose novel fast algorithms for optimal transport (OT) utilizing a cyclic symmetry structure of input data. Such OT with cyclic symmetry appears universally in various real-world examples: image processing, urban planning, and graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Shoichiro Takeda , Yasunori Akagi , Naoki Marumo , Kenta Niwa

Optimal transport (OT) and Schr{\"o}dinger bridge (SB) problems have emerged as powerful frameworks for transferring probability distributions with minimal cost. However, existing approaches typically focus on endpoint matching while…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Xu Duan , Dongmei Chen