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The spatio-temporal interpolation of large geophysical datasets has historically been addressed by Optimal Interpolation (OI) and more sophisticated equation-based or data-driven Data Assimilation (DA) techniques. Recent advances in the…

Scientific machine learning is an emerging field that broadly describes the combination of scientific computing and machine learning to address challenges in science and engineering. Within the context of differential equations, this has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Laurens R. Lueg , Victor Alves , Daniel Schicksnus , John R. Kitchin , Carl D. Laird , Lorenz T. Biegler

The classical development of neural networks has primarily focused on learning mappings between finite dimensional Euclidean spaces or finite sets. We propose a generalization of neural networks to learn operators, termed neural operators,…

Attention mechanisms have emerged as transformative tools in core AI domains such as natural language processing and computer vision. Yet, their largely untapped potential for modeling intricate physical systems presents a compelling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Ning Liu , Yue Yu

Data-driven modeling techniques have been explored in the spatial-temporal modeling of complex dynamical systems for many engineering applications. However, a systematic approach is still lacking to leverage the information from different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Chuanqi Chen , Jin-Long Wu

Fourier neural operators (FNOs) are a recently introduced neural network architecture for learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs), which have been shown to perform significantly better than comparable deep…

High-fidelity simulation of complex physical systems is exorbitantly expensive and inaccessible across spatiotemporal scales. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in leveraging deep learning to augment scientific data based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Pu Ren , Chengping Rao , Yang Liu , Zihan Ma , Qi Wang , Jian-Xun Wang , Hao Sun

This article explores operator learning models that can deduce solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs) on arbitrary domains without requiring retraining. We introduce two innovative models rooted in boundary integral equations…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Bin Meng , Yutong Lu , Ying Jiang

The multiscale complexity of modern problems in computational science and engineering can prohibit the use of traditional numerical methods in multi-dimensional simulations. Therefore, novel algorithms are required in these situations to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-15 Cale Harnish , Luke Dalessandro , Karel Matous , Daniel Livescu

Classical neural ODEs trained with explicit methods are intrinsically limited by stability, crippling their efficiency and robustness for stiff learning problems that are common in graph learning and scientific machine learning. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Hong Zhang , Ying Liu , Romit Maulik

Operator learning focuses on approximating mappings $\mathcal{G}^\dagger:\mathcal{U} \rightarrow\mathcal{V}$ between infinite-dimensional spaces of functions, such as $u: \Omega_u\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ and $v:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Carlos Mora , Amin Yousefpour , Shirin Hosseinmardi , Houman Owhadi , Ramin Bostanabad

With massive advancements in sensor technologies and Internet-of-things, we now have access to terabytes of historical data; however, there is a lack of clarity in how to best exploit the data to predict future events. One possible…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-05-05 Tapas Tripura , Souvik Chakraborty

We introduce the Neural Preconditioning Operator (NPO), a novel approach designed to accelerate Krylov solvers in solving large, sparse linear systems derived from partial differential equations (PDEs). Unlike classical preconditioners that…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Zhihao Li , Di Xiao , Zhilu Lai , Wei Wang

Elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) are a major class of time-independent PDEs that play a key role in many scientific and engineering domains such as fluid dynamics, plasma physics, and solid mechanics. Recently, neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Haixin Wang , Jiaxin Li , Anubhav Dwivedi , Kentaro Hara , Tailin Wu

Neural operator surrogates for time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) conventionally employ autoregressive prediction schemes, which accumulate error over long rollouts and require uniform temporal discretization. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Xianglong Hou , Xinquan Huang , Paris Perdikaris

Deep models have achieved impressive progress in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). A burgeoning paradigm is learning neural operators to approximate the input-output mappings of PDEs. While previous deep models have explored…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Haixu Wu , Tengge Hu , Huakun Luo , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

In this paper, we propose a way to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by combining machine learning techniques and the finite element method called Phi-FEM. For that, we use the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO), a learning mapping…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Michel Duprez , Vanessa Lleras , Alexei Lozinski , Vincent Vigon , Killian Vuillemot

Despite the promise of scientific machine learning (SciML) in combining data-driven techniques with mechanistic modeling, existing approaches for incorporating hard constraints in neural differential equations (NDEs) face significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Avik Pal , Alan Edelman , Christopher Rackauckas

Recently, operator learning, or learning mappings between infinite-dimensional function spaces, has garnered significant attention, notably in relation to learning partial differential equations from data. Conceptually clear when outlined…

Neural networks have emerged as promising tools for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), particularly through the application of neural operators. Training neural operators typically requires a large amount of training data to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Chaoyu Liu , Chris Budd , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb