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Rule-based systems remain central in safety-critical domains but often struggle with scalability, brittleness, and goal misspecification. These limitations can lead to reward hacking and failures in formal verification, as AI systems tend…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zainab Rehan , Christian Medeiros Adriano , Sona Ghahremani , Holger Giese

Deep reinforcement learning has been successfully used in many dynamic decision making domains, especially those with very large state spaces. However, it is also well-known that deep reinforcement learning can be very slow and resource…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Haodi Zhang , Zihang Gao , Yi Zhou , Hao Zhang , Kaishun Wu , Fangzhen Lin

Recommender systems are considered one of the most rapidly growing branches of Artificial Intelligence. The demand for finding more efficient techniques to generate recommendations becomes urgent. However, many recommendations become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Eyad Kannout , Hung Son Nguyen , Marek Grzegorowski

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) is implemented when algorithms are trained on both labeled and unlabeled data. This is a very common application of ML as it is unrealistic to obtain a fully labeled dataset. Researchers have tackled three…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Jason Lu , Michael Ma , Huaze Xu , Zixi Xu

The promise of active learning (AL) is to reduce labelling costs by selecting the most valuable examples to annotate from a pool of unlabelled data. Identifying these examples is especially challenging with high-dimensional data (e.g.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Amin Parvaneh , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Damien Teney , Reza Haffari , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Representation learning has been proven to play an important role in the unprecedented success of machine learning models in numerous tasks, such as machine translation, face recognition and recommendation. The majority of existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Wentao Wang , Guowei Xu , Wenbiao Ding , Gale Yan Huang , Guoliang Li , Jiliang Tang , Zitao Liu

When a deep learning model is deployed in the wild, it can encounter test data drawn from distributions different from the training data distribution and suffer drop in performance. For safe deployment, it is essential to estimate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Jiefeng Chen , Frederick Liu , Besim Avci , Xi Wu , Yingyu Liang , Somesh Jha

This paper systematically addresses the challenges of rule retrieval, a crucial yet underexplored area. Vanilla retrieval methods using sparse or dense retrievers to directly search for relevant rules to support downstream reasoning, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Ziyang Huang , Wangtao Sun , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Key Performance Indicators (KPI), which are essentially time series data, have been widely used to indicate the performance of telecom networks. Based on the given KPIs, a large set of anomaly detection algorithms have been deployed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Hamza Bodor , Thai V. Hoang , Zonghua Zhang

Recently, pseudo label based semi-supervised learning has achieved great success in many fields. The core idea of the pseudo label based semi-supervised learning algorithm is to use the model trained on the labeled data to generate pseudo…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Zeping Min , Qian Ge , Cheng Tai

Deep learning has yielded extraordinary results in vision and natural language processing, but this achievement comes at a cost. Most models require enormous resources during training, both in terms of computation and in human labeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Srikumar Ramalingam , Daniel Glasner , Kaushal Patel , Raviteja Vemulapalli , Sadeep Jayasumana , Sanjiv Kumar

Machine learning (ML) methods have been developing rapidly, but configuring and selecting proper methods to achieve a desired performance is increasingly difficult and tedious. To address this challenge, automated machine learning (AutoML)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Zhenqian Shen , Yongqi Zhang , Lanning Wei , Huan Zhao , Quanming Yao

Privacy policies are statements that notify users of the services' data practices. However, few users are willing to read through policy texts due to the length and complexity. While automated tools based on machine learning exist for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Wenjun Qiu , David Lie

While deep learning approaches to information extraction have had many successes, they can be difficult to augment or maintain as needs shift. Rule-based methods, on the other hand, can be more easily modified. However, crafting rules…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Robert Vacareanu , Marco A. Valenzuela-Escarcega , George C. G. Barbosa , Rebecca Sharp , Mihai Surdeanu

The limited availability of ground truth relevance labels has been a major impediment to the application of supervised methods to ad-hoc retrieval. As a result, unsupervised scoring methods, such as BM25, remain strong competitors to deep…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Dany Haddad , Joydeep Ghosh

In order to train robust deep learning models, large amounts of labelled data is required. However, in the absence of such large repositories of labelled data, unlabeled data can be exploited for the same. Semi-Supervised learning aims to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Soumyadeep Ghosh , Sanjay Kumar , Janu Verma , Awanish Kumar

Fine tuning self supervised pretrained models using pseudo labels can effectively improve speech recognition performance. But, low quality pseudo labels can misguide decision boundaries and degrade performance. We propose a simple yet…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Zezhong Jin , Dading Zhong , Xiao Song , Zhaoyi Liu , Naipeng Ye , Qingcheng Zeng

Artificial neural networks have been successfully applied to a variety of business application problems involving classification and regression. Although backpropagation neural networks generally predict better than decision trees do for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2010-09-28 S. M. Kamruzzaman , Ahmed Ryadh Hasan

The objective of topic inference in research proposals aims to obtain the most suitable disciplinary division from the discipline system defined by a funding agency. The agency will subsequently find appropriate peer review experts from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Meng Xiao , Min Wu , Ziyue Qiao , Yanjie Fu , Zhiyuan Ning , Yi Du , Yuanchun Zhou

Curation of large fully supervised datasets has become one of the major roadblocks for machine learning. Weak supervision provides an alternative to supervised learning by training with cheap, noisy, and possibly correlated labeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Chidubem Arachie , Bert Huang