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Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel at vision-language tasks, but they suffer from high computational inefficiency. To reduce inference overhead, expert skipping methods have been proposed to deactivate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yushi Huang , Zining Wang , Zhihang Yuan , Yifu Ding , Ruihao Gong , Jinyang Guo , Xianglong Liu , Jun Zhang

Vision-language models (VLMs) offer a promising paradigm for image classification by comparing the similarity between images and class embeddings. A critical challenge lies in crafting precise textual representations for class names. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Songhao Han , Le Zhuo , Yue Liao , Si Liu

Answering complex natural language questions often necessitates multi-step reasoning and integrating external information. Several systems have combined knowledge retrieval with a large language model (LLM) to answer such questions. These…

Recent work has explored training Large Language Model (LLM) search agents with reinforcement learning (RL) for open-domain question answering (QA). However, most evaluations focus solely on final answer accuracy, overlooking how these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jiaqi Shao , Yuxiang Lin , Munish Prasad Lohani , Yufeng Miao , Bing Luo

Progress in image generation raises significant public security concerns. We argue that fake image detection should not operate as a "black box". Instead, an ideal approach must ensure both strong generalization and transparency. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yikun Ji , Yan Hong , Jiahui Zhan , Haoxing Chen , jun lan , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Liqing Zhang , Jianfu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) can make predictions using parametric knowledge--knowledge encoded in the model weights--or contextual knowledge--knowledge presented in the context. In many scenarios, a desirable behavior is that LLMs give…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Yingfa Chen , Zhengyan Zhang , Xu Han , Chaojun Xiao , Zhiyuan Liu , Chen Chen , Kuai Li , Tao Yang , Maosong Sun

Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve strong reasoning performance by incorporating functional symbolic representations that abstractly describe graph traversal algorithms and step-by-step reasoning in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Phuong Minh Nguyen , Tien Huu Dang , Naoya Inoue

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are pre-trained on ultra-large-scale corpora, the problem of data contamination is becoming increasingly serious, and there is a risk that static evaluation benchmarks overestimate the performance of LLMs. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Yang Fan

Sentiment analysis has become increasingly important for assessing public opinion and informing decision-making. Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized this field by capturing nuanced language patterns. However, adapting LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Hongcheng Ding , Fuzhen Hu , Ruiting Deng , Xuanze Zhao , Shamsul Nahar Abdullah , Deshinta Arrova Dewi

As Large Language Models (LLMs) gain expertise across diverse domains and modalities, scalable oversight becomes increasingly challenging, particularly when their capabilities may surpass human evaluators. Debate has emerged as a promising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Ashutosh Adhikari , Mirella Lapata

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in challenging, knowledge-intensive reasoning tasks. However, extending LLMs to perceive and reason over a new modality (e.g., vision), often requires costly development…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 James Y. Huang , Sheng Zhang , Qianchu Liu , Guanghui Qin , Tinghui Zhu , Tristan Naumann , Muhao Chen , Hoifung Poon

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities across various tasks. However, even minor variations in query phrasing, despite preserving the underlying semantic meaning, can significantly affect their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Miao Li , William Han , Yuyou Zhang , Emerson Liu , Zuxin Liu , Chuang Gan , Ding Zhao

MLLMs have demonstrated remarkable comprehension and reasoning capabilities with complex language and visual data. These advances have spurred the vision of establishing a generalist robotic MLLM proficient in understanding complex human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yang Yue , Yulin Wang , Bingyi Kang , Yizeng Han , Shenzhi Wang , Shiji Song , Jiashi Feng , Gao Huang

Large language models (LLMs) can be used to generate natural language explanations (NLE) that are adapted to different users' situations. However, there is yet to be a quantitative evaluation of the extent of such adaptation. To bridge this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Pengshuo Qiu , Frank Rudzicz , Zining Zhu

We introduce LLM CHESS, an evaluation framework designed to probe the generalization of reasoning and instruction-following abilities in large language models (LLMs) through extended agentic interaction in the domain of chess. We rank over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Sai Kolasani , Maxim Saplin , Nicholas Crispino , Kyle Montgomery , Jared Quincy Davis , Matei Zaharia , Chi Wang , Chenguang Wang

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has transformed fake news detection and fact-checking tasks from simple classification to complex reasoning. However, evaluation frameworks have not kept pace. Current benchmarks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Cheng Xu , Changhong Jin , Yingjie Niu , Nan Yan , Yuke Mei , Shuhao Guan , Liming Chen , M-Tahar Kechadi

Entity alignment (EA) aims to identify entities across different knowledge graphs (KGs) that refer to the same real-world object and plays a critical role in knowledge fusion and integration. Traditional EA methods mainly rely on knowledge…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yixuan Nan , Xixun Lin , Yanmin Shang , Ge Zhang , Zheng Fang , Fang Fang , Yanan Cao

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have achieved notable success on short-horizon and highly structured tasks. However, their ability to maintain coherent decision-making over long horizons in realistic and dynamic environments remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Linghua Zhang , Jun Wang , Jingtong Wu , Zhisong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable reasoning capabilities in tasks such as algorithmic coding and mathematical problem-solving. Recent methods have improved reasoning through expanded corpus and multistage training…

We present a framework for training large language models (LLMs) as diagnostic agents with reinforcement learning, enabling them to manage multi-turn interactive diagnostic processes, adaptively select examinations, and commit to final…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Pengcheng Qiu , Chaoyi Wu , Junwei Liu , Qiaoyu Zheng , Yusheng Liao , Haowen Wang , Yun Yue , Qianrui Fan , Shuai Zhen , Jian Wang , Jinjie Gu , Yanfeng Wang , Ya Zhang , Weidi Xie