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Machine unlearning refers to the task of removing a subset of training data, thereby removing its contributions to a trained model. Approximate unlearning are one class of methods for this task which avoid the need to retrain the model from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Ambrish Rawat , James Requeima , Wessel Bruinsma , Richard Turner

Unlearning the data observed during the training of a machine learning (ML) model is an important task that can play a pivotal role in fortifying the privacy and security of ML-based applications. This paper raises the following questions:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Ayush K Tarun , Vikram S Chundawat , Murari Mandal , Mohan Kankanhalli

Current unlearning methods for LLMs optimize on the private information they seek to remove by incorporating it into their fine-tuning data. We argue this not only risks reinforcing exposure to sensitive data, but also fundamentally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yan Scholten , Sophie Xhonneux , Leo Schwinn , Stephan Günnemann

Machine unlearning aims to remove the contribution of designated training data from a trained model while preserving performance on the remaining data. Existing work mainly focuses on single-task settings, whereas modern models often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ying-Hua Huang , Rui Fang , Hsi-Wen Chen , Ming-Syan Chen

As a new and promising approach, existing machine unlearning (MU) works typically emphasize theoretical formulations or optimization objectives to achieve knowledge removal. However, when deployed in real-world scenarios, such solutions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Minyi Peng , Darian Gunamardi , Ivan Tjuawinata , Kwok-Yan Lam

Machine learning models play a vital role in making predictions and deriving insights from data and are being increasingly used for causal inference. To preserve user privacy, it is important to enable the model to forget some of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Vikas Ramachandra , Mohit Sethi

Driven by privacy protection laws and regulations, unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) is gaining increasing attention. However, current research often neglects the interpretability of the unlearning process, particularly concerning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xiaohua Feng , Yuyuan Li , Chengye Wang , Junlin Liu , Li Zhang , Chaochao Chen

Machine Unlearning removes specific knowledge about training data samples from an already trained model. It has significant practical benefits, such as purging private, inaccurate, or outdated information from trained models without the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Jiali Cheng , Hadi Amiri

Privacy concerns in LLMs have led to the rapidly growing need to enforce a data's "right to be forgotten". Machine unlearning addresses precisely this task, namely the removal of the influence of some specific data, i.e., the forget set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Xingjian Zhao , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri , Malik Magdon-Ismail

Despite legal mandates for the right to be forgotten, AI operators routinely fail to comply with data deletion requests. While machine unlearning (MU) provides a technical solution to remove personal data's influence from trained models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Qinqi Lin , Ningning Ding , Lingjie Duan , Jianwei Huang

We introduce a novel machine unlearning framework founded upon the established principles of the min-max optimization paradigm. We capitalize on the capabilities of strong Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) to facilitate the unlearning of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Rohan Sharma , Shijie Zhou , Kaiyi Ji , Changyou Chen

Machine unlearning empowers individuals with the `right to be forgotten' by removing their private or sensitive information encoded in machine learning models. However, it remains uncertain whether MU can be effectively applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Jiaqi Li , Qianshan Wei , Chuanyi Zhang , Guilin Qi , Miaozeng Du , Yongrui Chen , Sheng Bi , Fan Liu

As the right to be forgotten has been legislated worldwide, many studies attempt to design unlearning mechanisms to protect users' privacy when they want to leave machine learning service platforms. Specifically, machine unlearning is to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Weiqi Wang , Zhiyi Tian , Chenhan Zhang , Shui Yu

Machine Unlearning is essential for large generative models (VAEs, DDPMs) to comply with the right to be forgotten and prevent undesired content generation without costly retraining. Existing approaches, such as Static-lambda SISS for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 MohammadParsa Dini , Human Jafari

This study investigates the machine unlearning techniques within the context of large language models (LLMs), referred to as \textit{LLM unlearning}. LLM unlearning offers a principled approach to removing the influence of undesirable data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiahui Geng , Qing Li , Herbert Woisetschlaeger , Zongxiong Chen , Fengyu Cai , Yuxia Wang , Preslav Nakov , Hans-Arno Jacobsen , Fakhri Karray

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks, growing concerns have emerged over the misuse of sensitive, copyrighted, or harmful data during training. To address these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jie Ren , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Yue Xing , Shenglai Zeng , Hui Liu , Jingying Zeng , Qiankun Peng , Samarth Varshney , Suhang Wang , Qi He , Charu C. Aggarwal , Hui Liu

Machine unlearning, the study of efficiently removing the impact of specific training instances on a model, has garnered increased attention in recent years due to regulatory guidelines such as the \emph{Right to be Forgotten}. Achieving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Martin Pawelczyk , Seth Neel , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Unlearning algorithms aim to remove deleted data's influence from trained models at a cost lower than full retraining. However, prior guarantees of unlearning in literature are flawed and don't protect the privacy of deleted records. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-15 Rishav Chourasia , Neil Shah

In current AI era, users may request AI companies to delete their data from the training dataset due to the privacy concerns. As a model owner, retraining a model will consume significant computational resources. Therefore, machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Wenhan Chang , Tianqing Zhu , Heng Xu , Wenjian Liu , Wanlei Zhou

Machine Unlearning (MU) has emerged as a promising approach to addressing persistent challenges in Machine Learning (ML) systems. By enabling the selective removal of learned data, MU introduces protective, corrective, and adaptive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Betty Mayeku , Sandra Hummel , Parisa Memarmoshrefi