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The performance of vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, in visual classification tasks, has been enhanced by leveraging semantic knowledge from large language models (LLMs), including GPT. Recent studies have shown that in zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Hankyeol Lee , Gawon Seo , Wonseok Choi , Geunyoung Jung , Kyungwoo Song , Jiyoung Jung

Pre-trained vision-language (V-L) models such as CLIP have shown excellent generalization ability to downstream tasks. However, they are sensitive to the choice of input text prompts and require careful selection of prompt templates to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Hanoona Rasheed , Muhammad Maaz , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Large vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, learn rich joint image-text representations, facilitating advances in numerous downstream tasks, including zero-shot classification and text-to-image generation. Nevertheless, existing VLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Roni Paiss , Ariel Ephrat , Omer Tov , Shiran Zada , Inbar Mosseri , Michal Irani , Tali Dekel

Contrastive image-text models such as CLIP form the building blocks of many state-of-the-art systems. While they excel at recognizing common generic concepts, they still struggle on fine-grained entities which are rare, or even absent from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Ahmet Iscen , Mathilde Caron , Alireza Fathi , Cordelia Schmid

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in reasoning and generation for language tasks, they are not specifically designed for multimodal challenges. Training Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), however, is resource-intensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuqi Pang , Bowen Yang , Haoqin Tu , Yun Cao , Zeyu Zhang

Dense visual prediction tasks have been constrained by their reliance on predefined categories, limiting their applicability in real-world scenarios where visual concepts are unbounded. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Junjie Wang , Bin Chen , Yulin Li , Bin Kang , Yichi Chen , Zhuotao Tian

Contemporary large-scale visual language models (VLMs) exhibit strong representation capacities, making them ubiquitous for enhancing image and text understanding tasks. They are often trained in a contrastive manner on a large and diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Ugur Sahin , Hang Li , Qadeer Khan , Daniel Cremers , Volker Tresp

Recent advances in foundational Vision Language Models (VLMs) have reshaped the evaluation paradigm in computer vision tasks. These foundational models, especially CLIP, have accelerated research in open-vocabulary computer vision tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 M. Arda Aydın , Efe Mert Çırpar , Elvin Abdinli , Gozde Unal , Yusuf H. Sahin

Open-vocabulary vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP, trained using contrastive loss, have emerged as a promising new paradigm for text-to-image retrieval. However, do VLMs understand compound nouns (CNs) (e.g., lab coat) as well as they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Sonal Kumar , Sreyan Ghosh , S Sakshi , Utkarsh Tyagi , Dinesh Manocha

In the field of vision-language contrastive learning, models such as CLIP capitalize on matched image-caption pairs as positive examples and leverage within-batch non-matching pairs as negatives. This approach has led to remarkable outcomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Maxwell Aladago , Lorenzo Torresani , Soroush Vosoughi

A fundamental characteristic common to both human vision and natural language is their compositional nature. Yet, despite the performance gains contributed by large vision and language pretraining, we find that: across 7 architectures…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Zixian Ma , Jerry Hong , Mustafa Omer Gul , Mona Gandhi , Irena Gao , Ranjay Krishna

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have stimulated a surge of research aimed at extending their applications to the visual domain. While these models exhibit promise in generating abstract image captions and facilitating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Geewook Kim , Hodong Lee , Daehee Kim , Haeji Jung , Sanghee Park , Yoonsik Kim , Sangdoo Yun , Taeho Kil , Bado Lee , Seunghyun Park

Dual-encoder Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP are often characterized as bag-of-words systems due to their poor performance on compositional benchmarks. We argue that this limitation may stem less from deficient representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Imanol Miranda , Ander Salaberria , Eneko Agirre , Gorka Azkune

The advent of large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has significantly advanced multimodal understanding, enabling more sophisticated and accurate integration of visual and textual information across various tasks, including image and video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Hang Hua , Yunlong Tang , Ziyun Zeng , Liangliang Cao , Zhengyuan Yang , Hangfeng He , Chenliang Xu , Jiebo Luo

Contrastive cross-modal models such as CLIP and CLAP aid various vision-language (VL) and audio-language (AL) tasks. However, there has been limited investigation of and improvement in their language encoder, which is the central component…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mengjie Zhao , Junya Ono , Zhi Zhong , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Takashi Shibuya , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has drawn increasing attention recently for its transferable visual representation learning. However, due to the semantic gap within datasets, CLIP's pre-trained image-text alignment becomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Longtian Qiu , Renrui Zhang , Ziyu Guo , Ziyao Zeng , Zilu Guo , Yafeng Li , Guangnan Zhang

While vision-language pre-trained models (VL-PTMs) have advanced multimodal research in recent years, their mastery in a few languages like English restricts their applicability in broader communities. To this end, there is an increasing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Bang Yang , Yong Dai , Xuxin Cheng , Yaowei Li , Asif Raza , Yuexian Zou

Visual-Language Alignment (VLA) has gained a lot of attention since CLIP's groundbreaking work. Although CLIP performs well, the typical direct latent feature alignment lacks clarity in its representation and similarity scores. On the other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yifan Li , Yikai Wang , Yanwei Fu , Dongyu Ru , Zheng Zhang , Tong He

Despite exciting progress in causal language models, the expressiveness of the representations is largely limited due to poor discrimination ability. To remedy this issue, we present ContraCLM, a novel contrastive learning framework at both…

Multimodal models, such as the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model, have demonstrated remarkable success in aligning visual and linguistic representations. However, these models exhibit limitations when applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Hiroshi Sasaki