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Despite significant breakthroughs in video analysis driven by the rapid development of large multimodal models (LMMs), there remains a lack of a versatile evaluation benchmark to comprehensively assess these models' performance in video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yunxin Li , Xinyu Chen , Baotian Hu , Longyue Wang , Haoyuan Shi , Min Zhang

Recently, many versatile Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have emerged continuously. However, their capacity to query information depicted in visual charts and engage in reasoning based on the queried contents remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Renqiu Xia , Bo Zhang , Hancheng Ye , Xiangchao Yan , Qi Liu , Hongbin Zhou , Zijun Chen , Peng Ye , Min Dou , Botian Shi , Junchi Yan , Yu Qiao

Puzzles have long served as compact and revealing probes of human cognition, isolating abstraction, rule discovery, and systematic reasoning with minimal reliance on prior knowledge. Leveraging these properties, visual puzzles have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maria Lymperaiou , Vasileios Karampinis , Giorgos Filandrianos , Angelos Vlachos , Chrysoula Zerva , Athanasios Voulodimos

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently demonstrated amazing success in multi-modal tasks, including advancements in Multi-modal Chain-of-Thought (MCoT) reasoning. Despite these successes, current benchmarks still follow a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zihui Cheng , Qiguang Chen , Jin Zhang , Hao Fei , Xiaocheng Feng , Wanxiang Che , Min Li , Libo Qin

The sequential structure of videos poses a challenge to the ability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to locate multi-frame evidence and conduct multimodal reasoning. However, existing video benchmarks mainly focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Kejian Zhu , Zhuoran Jin , Hongbang Yuan , Jiachun Li , Shangqing Tu , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in multimodal understanding, yet their capabilities for scientific reasoning remain inadequately assessed. Current multimodal benchmarks predominantly evaluate generic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ai Jian , Weijie Qiu , Xiaokun Wang , Peiyu Wang , Yunzhuo Hao , Jiangbo Pei , Yichen Wei , Yi Peng , Xuchen Song

AI models have achieved state-of-the-art results in textual reasoning; however, their ability to reason over spatial and relational structures remains a critical bottleneck -- particularly in early-grade maths, which relies heavily on…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in solving text-based mathematical problems, but they struggle with mathematical diagrams since they are primarily trained on natural scene images. For humans, visual aids generally enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Wenwen Zhuang , Xin Huang , Xiantao Zhang , Jin Zeng

Despite state-of-the-art vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities, their performance in multilingual mathematical reasoning remains underexplored, particularly when compared to human performance. To…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance on perception-oriented tasks, yet their ability to perform mathematical spatial reasoning, defined as the capacity to parse and manipulate two- and three-dimensional…

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in multimodal understanding, yet their reasoning abilities remain underexplored. Existing benchmarks tend to focus on perception or text-based comprehension,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Xiang Li , Wenyue Hua , Kaijie Zhu , Lingyao Li , Haoyang Ling , Jinkui Chi , Qi Dou , Jindong Wang , Yongfeng Zhang , Xin Ma , Lizhou Fan

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown promising reasoning abilities, yet evaluating their performance in specialized domains remains challenging. STEM reasoning is a particularly valuable testbed because it provides highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jing Jin , Hao Liu , Yan Bai , Yihang Lou , Zhenke Wang , Tianrun Yuan , Juntong Chen , Yongkang Zhu , Fanhu Zeng , Xuanyu Zhu , Tao Feng , Yige Xu

Recent progress in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has enabled step-by-step multi-modal mathematical reasoning by performing visual operations based on the textual instructions. A promising approach uses code as an intermediate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xiaoyuan Li , Moxin Li , Wenjie Wang , Rui Men , Yichang Zhang , Fuli Feng , Dayiheng Liu

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly broadened the scope of applications in natural language processing, with multi-modal LLMs extending these capabilities to integrate and interpret visual data. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Bingchen Zhao , Yongshuo Zong , Letian Zhang , Timothy Hospedales

Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning (MMR) has recently attracted increasing attention for its capability to solve mathematical problems involving both textual and visual modalities. However, current models still face significant challenges in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Tianyu Yang , Sihong Wu , Yilun Zhao , Zhenwen Liang , Lisen Dai , Chen Zhao , Minhao Cheng , Arman Cohan , Xiangliang Zhang

Reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs) has recently attracted significant attention due to its broad applicability across diverse downstream tasks. However, it remains unclear whether the superior performance of VLMs stems from genuine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yige Xu , Yongjie Wang , Zizhuo Wu , Kaisong Song , Jun Lin , Zhiqi Shen

A key frontier for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is the ability to perform deep mathematical and spatial reasoning directly from images, moving beyond their established success in semantic description. Mathematical surface plots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Nilay Pande , Sahiti Yerramilli , Jayant Sravan Tamarapalli , Rynaa Grover

Since the release of ChatGPT, the field of Natural Language Processing has experienced rapid advancements, particularly in Large Language Models (LLMs) and their multimodal counterparts, Large Multimodal Models (LMMs). Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Florian Schneider , Sunayana Sitaram

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in vision-language answering tasks. Despite their strengths, these models often encounter challenges in achieving complex reasoning tasks such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jinhao Chen , Zhen Yang , Jianxin Shi , Tianyu Wo , Jie Tang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency on general-purpose vision-language benchmarks, reaching or even exceeding human-level performance. However, these evaluations typically rely on standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wenjin Hou , Wei Liu , Han Hu , Xiaoxiao Sun , Serena Yeung-Levy , Hehe Fan