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Causal structure learning from observational data remains a non-trivial task due to various factors such as finite sampling, unobserved confounding factors, and measurement errors. Constraint-based and score-based methods tend to suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Rezaur Rashid , Jawad Chowdhury , Gabriel Terejanu

Real-world data often exhibits sequential dependence, across diverse domains such as human behavior, medicine, finance, and climate modeling. Probabilistic methods capture the inherent uncertainty associated with prediction in these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-08 Alex Boyd

We develop an efficient Bayesian sequential inference framework for factor analysis models observed via various data types, such as continuous, binary and ordinal data. In the continuous data case, where it is possible to marginalise over…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-28 Konstantinos Vamvourellis , Konstantinos Kalogeropoulos , Irini Moustaki

Causal inference is a critical task across fields such as healthcare, economics, and the social sciences. While recent advances in machine learning, especially those based on the deep-learning architectures, have shown potential in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-30 Manqing Liu , David R. Bellamy , Andrew L. Beam

The discovery of causal relationships from observational data is very challenging. Many recent approaches rely on complexity or uncertainty concepts to impose constraints on probability distributions, aiming to identify specific classes of…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-09 Aramayis Dallakyan , Yang Ni

Given data sampled from a number of variables, one is often interested in the underlying causal relationships in the form of a directed acyclic graph. In the general case, without interventions on some of the variables it is only possible…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-05 Christopher Nowzohour , Peter Bühlmann

Directed acyclic graphical (DAG) models are a powerful tool for representing causal relationships among jointly distributed random variables, especially concerning data from across different experimental settings. However, it is not always…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-03 Francisco Madaleno , Pratik Misra , Alex Markham

Inferring the causal relationships among a set of variables in the form of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is an important but notoriously challenging problem. Recently, advancements in high-throughput genomic perturbation screens have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Seong Woo Han , Daniel Duy Vo , Brielin C. Brown

Clustering is a crucial task in various domains of knowledge, including medicine, epidemiology, genomics, environmental science, economics, and visual sciences, among others. Methodologies for inferring the number of clusters have often…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-26 Clara Grazian

The key distinguishing property of a Bayesian approach is marginalization, rather than using a single setting of weights. Bayesian marginalization can particularly improve the accuracy and calibration of modern deep neural networks, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Andrew Gordon Wilson , Pavel Izmailov

Causal effect estimation is a critical task in statistical learning that aims to find the causal effect on subjects by identifying causal links between a number of predictor (or, explanatory) variables and the outcome of a treatment. In a…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-26 Tathagata Basu , Matthias C. M. Troffaes

Causal Bayesian networks (CBN) are popular graphical probabilistic models that encode causal relations among variables. Learning their graphical structure from observational data has received a lot of attention in the literature. When there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Christophe Gonzales , Amir-Hosein Valizadeh

Distributionally robust optimization tackles out-of-sample issues like overfitting and distribution shifts by adopting an adversarial approach over a range of possible data distributions, known as the ambiguity set. To balance conservatism…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Ahmad-Reza Ehyaei , Golnoosh Farnadi , Samira Samadi

Causal discovery from empirical data is a fundamental problem in many scientific domains. Observational data allows for identifiability only up to Markov equivalence class. In this paper we first propose a polynomial time algorithm for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Kevin Bello , Jean Honorio

Causal inference aids researchers in discovering cause-and-effect relationships, leading to scientific insights. Accurate causal estimation requires identifying confounding variables to avoid false discoveries. Pearl's causal model uses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Anna Zeng , Michael Cafarella , Batya Kenig , Markos Markakis , Brit Youngmann , Babak Salimi

Although many algorithms have been designed to construct Bayesian network structures using different approaches and principles, they all employ only two methods: those based on independence criteria, and those based on a scoring function…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-04 S. Acid , L. M. de Campos

The search space of Bayesian Network structures is usually defined as Acyclic Directed Graphs (DAGs) and the search is done by local transformations of DAGs. But the space of Bayesian Networks is ordered by DAG Markov model inclusion and it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Tomas Kocka , Robert Castelo

We investigate causal inference in the asymptotic regime as the number of variables approaches infinity using an information-theoretic framework. We define structural entropy of a causal model in terms of its description complexity measured…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Sridhar Mahadevan

One of the goals of probabilistic inference is to decide whether an empirically observed distribution is compatible with a candidate Bayesian network. However, Bayesian networks with hidden variables give rise to highly non-trivial…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-14 R. Chaves , L. Luft , T. O. Maciel , D. Gross , D. Janzing , B. Schölkopf

The increasing availability of interventional data offers new opportunities for causal discovery, with gene perturbation studies providing a prominent example. Such data are typically count-valued and subject to substantial measurement…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-30 Yijiao Zhang , Hongzhe Li